Investigation of Periodontal Condition, and Tooth Loss in Multiple Myeloma Patients: A Case-Control Study

Abstract

Objectives: Studies have long suggested a link between Periodontal Disease and an increased risk of other inflammatory diseases, and diverse types of cancer. The aim of the current research was to investigate the possible differences regarding the periodontal condition and tooth loss between individuals suffering from Multiple Myeloma (MM) and healthy ones. Methods: This was a population-based retrospective case-control study in which 98 MM patients and 196 matching healthy controls were interviewed and dental and oral clinically examined. The clinical indices used to define the periodontal condition for MM patients and healthy individuals concerned Probing Pocket Depth (PPD), Clinical Attachment Loss (CAL), Plaque Index (PlI), Gingival Index (GI), and number of missing teeth. Univariate and logistic regression models were carried out to assess the data analyzed. Results: Individuals with increased BMI (p=0.003, 95% CI= 2.405) who suffered from MM and those with a family history of MM (p=0.000, 95% CI=8.495), were statistically significantly different compared with the healthy ones. Moreover, GI (p=0.042, 95% CI=2.451), was statistically significantly different between MM patients and the healthy individuals after controlling for smoking and socio-economic status. Conclusion: GI was statistically significantly different between individuals who were suffered from MM and healthy individuals.