Comparison of biomechanical risk factors for ACL injury between patients and healthy subjects during exergaming

Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS) Pub Date : 2024-02-06 DOI:10.36950/2024.2ciss045

M. Haas, A. Martin-Niedecken, Larissa Wild, Leander Schneeberger, Eveline S. Graf

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Abstract

Introduction Exergaming - physically active gaming - offers great potential for rehabilitation after knee injuries in sports, as it combines physical and cognitive challenges. However, before its use in sports rehabilitation can be recommended as safe and reliable, it is necessary to assess the biomechanics associated with knee injuries - an abducted, internally rotated knee at 10-30° of flexion (Koga et al., 2010). The aim of this study was to compare knee valgus (KV) during 10-30° knee flexion between healthy individuals without previous knee injuries and patients undergoing rehabilitation after knee injuries in three exercises of a high-intensive, immersive exergame (ExerCube). Methods The kinematics of 18 healthy subjects (25.2 ± 3.3 years, 9 female) and 6 patients (25.0 ± 5.9 years, 2 female) were recorded using marker-based movement analysis (Vicon) during 25 minutes of exergame training (Sphery Racer, ExerCube). The average maximum KV angle during 10-30° knee flexion was compared between healthy subjects and patients in the squat, jump, and burpee for the right leg using a linear mixed model. Results The average maximal KV in the squat was 4.3° for healthy subjects and 4.8° for patients. In the jump, an average maximal KV of 5.9° (healthy subjects) and 6.8° (patients) was found. With an average of 6.9° in the maximal KV of healthy subjects and 8.6° in patients, the burpee showed the highest KV of all exercises. A significant main effect was found for exercise (F(2, 45) = 57.03, p < .001), but not for the difference between groups (F(1, 22) = 0.45, p = 0.51). Discussion/Conclusion There are no significant differences in KV between healthy participants and patients undergoing rehabilitation after knee injuries. This indicates that the pre-injury movement pattern was restored in the patients, and it can be assumed that the studied exercises during exergaming are safe for use in this stage of rehabilitation. References Koga, H., Nakamae, A., Shima, Y., Iwasa, J., Myklebust, G., Engebretsen, L., Bahr, R., & Krosshaug, T. (2010). Mechanisms for noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injuries: Knee joint kinematics in 10 injury situations from female team handball and basketball. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 38(11), 2218–2225. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546510373570

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前交叉韧带损伤的生物力学风险因素在前交叉韧带损伤患者和健康受试者之间的比较

导言：体能游戏（Exergaming）结合了体能和认知挑战，为膝关节运动损伤后的康复提供了巨大潜力。然而，在推荐其用于运动康复的安全性和可靠性之前，有必要对与膝关节损伤相关的生物力学进行评估--外展、内旋膝关节屈曲 10-30° （Koga 等人，2010 年）。本研究的目的是比较没有膝关节损伤的健康人和膝关节损伤后接受康复治疗的病人在高强度、沉浸式外显子游戏（ExerCube）的三种练习中膝关节屈曲 10-30° 时的膝外翻（KV）情况。方法使用基于标记的运动分析（Vicon）记录了 18 名健康受试者（25.2 ± 3.3 岁，9 名女性）和 6 名患者（25.0 ± 5.9 岁，2 名女性）在 25 分钟的外部游戏训练（Sphery Racer，ExerCube）中的运动学数据。使用线性混合模型比较了健康受试者和患者在右腿深蹲、跳跃和仰卧起坐中膝关节屈曲 10-30° 时的平均最大 KV 角。结果健康受试者深蹲时的平均最大 KV 为 4.3°，患者为 4.8°。在跳跃中，发现最大 KV 平均值为 5.9°（健康受试者）和 6.8°（患者）。在所有运动中，仰卧起坐的最大 KV 值最高，健康受试者平均为 6.9°，患者为 8.6°。研究发现，运动有明显的主效应（F(2, 45) = 57.03, p < .001），但组间差异不明显（F(1, 22) = 0.45, p = 0.51）。讨论/结论健康参与者和膝关节损伤后接受康复治疗的患者在 KV 方面没有显著差异。这表明患者已恢复了受伤前的运动模式，因此可以认为在此康复阶段使用所研究的电子竞技运动是安全的。参考文献 Koga, H., Nakamae, A., Shima, Y., Iwasa, J., Myklebust, G., Engebretsen, L., Bahr, R., & Krosshaug, T. (2010)。非接触式前十字韧带损伤的机理：女子手球和篮球 10 种受伤情况下的膝关节运动学。美国运动医学杂志》，38（11），2218-2225。https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546510373570。

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Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS)

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