Booster vaccination against the SARS-CoV-2: mechanisms and efficiency

Q3 Social Sciences

Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention Pub Date : 2024-02-08 DOI:10.15829/1728-8800-2023-3820

S. Berns, A. V. Veremeyev, A. A. Savicheva, A. Gorshkov, O. Drapkina

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was not only a serious challenge for the healthcare system around the world, but also an incentive for intensive research and development for the introduction of innovative technologies and drugs, in particular vaccines against the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2). The first vaccination campaigns provided significant protection against severe disease course and hospitalization. However, new SARS-COV-2 variants require further comprehensive research and the introduction of booster vaccination. Booster vaccination is the most important tool for immunostimulation and increase of protection duration against the severe disease course. The study of booster vaccines, including BioNTech/Pfizer, Moderna, Oxford AstraZeneca, Sputnik V, Sinopharm и Covaxin vaccines, sheds light on their unique action mechanisms and contribution to long-term immunity. The analysis of clinical data demonstrates their effectiveness and safety. The review summarizes modern knowledge about booster vaccinations against the COVID-19 with focus on action mechanisms and efficiency. In addition, the immune system function in response to COVID-19 is considered, while the role of memory cells, antibody and cellular immunity reactions are emphasized.

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针对 SARS-CoV-2 的强化疫苗接种：机制和效率

2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行不仅对全世界的医疗保健系统提出了严峻的挑战，同时也激励着人们大力研发创新技术和药物，特别是针对严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-COV-2）的疫苗。第一批疫苗接种活动为预防严重病程和住院治疗提供了重要保护。然而，SARS-COV-2 的新变种需要进一步的全面研究和加强接种。加强接种是免疫刺激和延长对严重病程的保护时间的最重要工具。对包括 BioNTech/辉瑞、Moderna、Oxford AstraZeneca、Sputnik V、Sinopharm и Covaxin 疫苗在内的加强免疫疫苗的研究揭示了其独特的作用机制和对长期免疫的贡献。临床数据分析证明了它们的有效性和安全性。综述总结了有关 COVID-19 加强免疫的现代知识，重点关注其作用机制和效率。此外，还考虑了免疫系统对 COVID-19 的反应功能，同时强调了记忆细胞、抗体和细胞免疫反应的作用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention Medicine-Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

CiteScore

1.70

自引率

0.00%

发文量

155

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： The most important objectives of the journal are: the generalization of scientific and practical achievements in the field of cardiology, increasing scientific and practical skills of cardiologists. The scientific concept of publication does the publication of modern achievements in the field of epidemiology, prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, the results of research, national and international clinical trials. For publication in the journal are invited both domestic and foreign scientists and clinicians working in the field of cardiology, as well as doctors of other specialties. The magazine covers various issues in cardiology and related specialties. Each issue is prepared by Executive editor of the issue, a respected specialist in the field of epidemiology, prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. The main focus of the publication — scientific articles on original research, the pharmacotherapy of cardiovascular disease, new diagnostic methods. All members of the group of authors should meet all four criteria of authorship set forth in the ICMJE recommendations: 1) concept and design development or data analysis and interpretation, and 2) manuscript justification or verification of critical intellectual content, and 3) final approval for publication of the manuscript, and 4) consent to be responsible for all aspects of the work, and assume that issues relating to the thoroughness and diligent execution of any part of the study submitted are duly investigated and resolved. Great importance the editors attached to the preparation of scientific papers by groups of authors at a high level, literacy, authors, and their ownership information, availability of research results not only to colleagues in Russia, but also abroad.