Tillage practices affect soil fertility of a long‐term winter wheat–fallow rotation

IF 2.4 3区农林科学 Q2 SOIL SCIENCE

Soil Science Society of America Journal Pub Date : 2024-02-14 DOI:10.1002/saj2.20628

Lawrence Aula, A. Easterly, M. Mikha, C. Creech

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Abstract

The contribution of tillage practices to enhancing soil fertility levels is a major subject of research among agricultural scholars. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of several decades of tillage under winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)–fallow on soil fertility. The experiment was established in 1970 as a randomized complete block design with three replications. Treatments included moldboard plow (MP), stubble mulch (SM), no‐till (NT), and native sod. Soil samples were collected from 0–10 and 10–20 cm in 2010 and 2011 and analyzed for several variables including soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), and soil pH. Benchmarks for these variables used to evaluate temporal changes for each treatment were obtained from previous documents containing data that were sampled in 1982 and 1984 from the same site. In 2010–2011, SOM, TN, and pH were all influenced by the tillage practices at 0–10 cm (p ≤ 0.05). For SOM, the magnitude of the difference between native sod and NT in 1986 was 28% (10.1 g·kg−1) and this increased to 30.6% (18.5 g·kg−1) in 2010–2011 with native sod storing more SOM. Over time, NT sustained a high level of SOM with 7.7 g·kg−1 more SOM than the initial 38.3 g·kg−1 reported in 1986. TN with NT was greater than SM and MP by 56%, but 53% lower than TN with native sods. In general, soil fertility and nutrient availability at this site supported crop production for over 50 years without fertilizer application.

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耕作方法影响冬小麦--耕地长期轮作的土壤肥力

耕作方法对提高土壤肥力水平的贡献是农业学者研究的一个主要课题。本研究的目的是评估冬小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）-休耕下几十年的耕作对土壤肥力的影响。试验于 1970 年开始，采用随机完全区组设计，三次重复。处理方式包括板犁（MP）、残茬覆盖（SM）、免耕（NT）和原生草皮。2010 年和 2011 年分别从 0-10 厘米和 10-20 厘米处采集了土壤样本，并对土壤有机质 (SOM)、全氮 (TN) 和土壤 pH 值等多个变量进行了分析。用于评估每种处理的时间变化的这些变量的基准数据来自于以前的文件，其中包含 1982 年和 1984 年在同一地点采样的数据。2010-2011 年，SOM、TN 和 pH 值均受到 0-10 厘米耕作方式的影响（p ≤ 0.05）。就 SOM 而言，1986 年原生草皮与新界草皮之间的差异幅度为 28%（10.1 g-kg-1），2010-2011 年增加到 30.6%（18.5 g-kg-1），原生草皮储存了更多的 SOM。随着时间的推移，NT 保持了较高的 SOM 水平，与 1986 年报告的最初 38.3 g-kg-1 相比，SOM 增加了 7.7 g-kg-1。使用新界草的 TN 比使用 SM 和 MP 的 TN 高 56%，但比使用原生草皮的 TN 低 53%。总体而言，该地点的土壤肥力和养分可用性在不施肥的情况下支持了 50 多年的作物生产。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Soil Science Society of America Journal 农林科学-土壤科学

CiteScore

5.40

自引率

3.40%

发文量

130

审稿时长

3.6 months

期刊介绍： SSSA Journal publishes content on soil physics; hydrology; soil chemistry; soil biology; soil biochemistry; soil fertility; plant nutrition; pedology; soil and water conservation and management; forest, range, and wildland soils; soil and plant analysis; soil mineralogy, wetland soils. The audience is researchers, students, soil scientists, hydrologists, pedologist, geologists, agronomists, arborists, ecologists, engineers, certified practitioners, soil microbiologists, and environmentalists. The journal publishes original research, issue papers, reviews, notes, comments and letters to the editor, and book reviews. Invitational papers may be published in the journal if accepted by the editorial board.