Gender Differences in the use of Social Capital for Entrepreneurial Activity Within Contexts of Poverty

IF 2 4区 管理学 Q3 BUSINESS
Fernando X. Proaño Sánchez, Ana M. Bojica
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Abstract

Previous research has pointed to differences in the use of social capital between male and female entrepreneurs that may explain, in part, the different outcomes they obtain. Adopting a gender perspective, this study analyses whether these differences depend on the contextual configurations in which their businesses operate, specifically the degree of hostility of the context and their household structure. Thirty male and female entrepreneurs who set up their businesses in poor neighbourhoods in and around the city of Guayaquil (Ecuador) were interviewed. Data was analysed using content analysis and comparative qualitative fuzzy set analysis. The results show that women rely on bridging and bonding social capital for favourable entrepreneurial outcomes, while men rely mainly on bonding social capital, with the structure of the household being one of the influences that condition whether or not they go outside their immediate environment to mobilise resources. This work contributes to a better understanding of how the relational behaviour of male and female entrepreneurs is conditioned by gender and context. These results differ from those obtained in previous research focusing more on developed countries and suggest that gender differences in social capital are at least partly explained by the contextual configurations in which entrepreneurs find themselves, and especially by the needs and agency space available to them, rather than by the faithful reproduction of gender roles and the behavioural patterns derived from them.
贫困背景下利用社会资本开展创业活动的性别差异
以往的研究指出,男性和女性创业者在利用社会资本方面存在差异,这可能在一定程度上解释了他们获得的不同结果。本研究采用性别视角,分析了这些差异是否取决于其企业运营的环境配置,特别是环境的敌对程度和家庭结构。研究人员采访了在瓜亚基尔市及其周边贫困街区创业的 30 名男性和女性企业家。采用内容分析法和定性模糊集比较分析法对数据进行了分析。结果表明,女性依靠桥梁和纽带型社会资本取得有利的创业成果,而男性则主要依靠纽带型社会资本,家庭结构是影响他们是否走出直接环境调动资源的因素之一。这项研究有助于人们更好地理解男女创业者的关系行为是如何受性别和环境影响的。这些结果有别于以往以发达国家为重点的研究,表明社会资本中的性别差异至少有一部分是由创业者所处的环境配置造成的,特别是由他们的需求和可利用的代理空间造成的,而不是由性别角色的忠实再现和由此产生的行为模式造成的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.50
自引率
21.10%
发文量
51
期刊介绍: Entrepreneurship Research Journal (ERJ) was launched with an Inaugural Issue in 2011. Professor Ramona Zachary at Baruch College and Professor Chandra Mishra at Florida Atlantic University introduce a new forum for scholarly discussion on entrepreneurs and their activities, contexts, processes, strategies, and outcomes. Positioned as the premier new research journal within the field of entrepreneurship, ERJ seeks to encourage a scholarly exchange between researchers from any field of study who focus on entrepreneurs, and will include both theoretical and empirical articles, with priority being given to high quality theoretical and empirical papers that have managerial or public policy orientation as well as ramifications for entrepreneurship research overall. Topics: -Research Modeling, Design, and Methods: entrepreneurship theories and conceptualizations, entrepreneurship research methods. -The Individuals-Opportunities-Resources Nexus: nascent entrepreneurs, opportunity recognition, drivers of value creation, and emergence, innovation and technology entrepreneurs, entrepreneurial risk and reward, entrepreneurial cognition and behavior. -Inclusive of Near Environments: family entrepreneurship, networks, teams and alliances, venture capital and angel investor groups, entrepreneurial communities, hubs, clusters and public policy, social entrepreneurship. -Distinct Entrepreneurial Stage or Setting: entrepreneurial growth and strategy, boards, governance and leadership, corporate entrepreneurship, international and emerging market entrepreneurship.
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