The Relationships Between Danxia Geoheritages and Regional Tectonics in Southern Sichuan Basin: Implications for the Spatial Distribution of Danxia Landforms in China

IF 2.3 2区地球科学 Q2 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Geoheritage Pub Date : 2024-02-13 DOI:10.1007/s12371-024-00928-y

Jun-Ting Qiu, Hong-Xu Mu, Xin-Min Rui, Yan-Jie Yang, Pengju Li, Liang Qiu, Chao-Bin Xu

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Abstract

The Danxia geoheritage has emerged as a compelling subject of study, while the Tethys-Himalayan tectonic domain continues to captivate scholarly attention. However, a noteworthy gap exists in the literature concerning the intricate relationship between Danxia formation and the evolution of regional tectonics. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis involving structure interpretation and terrain assessment, utilizing Landsat8 imagery and ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model. Additionally, field investigations were carried out on 35 Danxia landforms in the southern Sichuan Basin. Our findings revealed four distinct types of Danxia heritages—cliff (32 sites), peak (7 sites), cave (5 sites), and valley (6 sites)—with a predominant presence on slopes exceeding 40°. Moreover, valley-type sites exhibited a propensity for development at altitudes surpassing 400 m. The observed formations were intricately linked to Late Jurassic to Cretaceous red beds, influenced by the synergistic effects of the southward thrusting of the Qinling Orogen and the northwestward expansion of the Jiangnan Orogen. The control exerted by Cenozoic faults, folds, and joints—resulting from the eastward expansion of the Tibetan Plateau and the southeastward extrusion of the Chuandian terrane—further shaped these Danxia landscapes. Notably, the eastward expansion of the Tibetan Plateau induced the Cenozoic uplift of the southern Sichuan Basin, initiating a rapid denudation process of red beds crucial to the formation of Danxia landforms. Consequently, the Tethys-Himalayan tectonic evolution not only provided the material and structural foundations for these formations but also exerted a profound influence on their development in the southern Sichuan Basin. This study significantly contributes to our enhanced understanding of the spatial distribution of Danxia landforms in China.

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四川盆地南部丹霞地貌与区域构造的关系：对中国丹霞地貌空间分布的影响

丹霞地貌遗产已成为一个引人注目的研究课题，而特提斯-喜马拉雅构造域则继续吸引着学者们的目光。然而，关于丹霞地貌形成与区域构造演化之间错综复杂关系的文献却存在着值得注意的空白。在本研究中，我们利用 Landsat8 图像和 ASTER 全球数字高程模型进行了全面分析，包括构造解释和地形评估。此外，我们还对四川盆地南部的 35 处丹霞地貌进行了实地考察。我们的发现揭示了四种不同类型的丹霞地貌遗产--悬崖（32 处）、山峰（7 处）、洞穴（5 处）和山谷（6 处）--主要分布在坡度超过 40° 的地区。受秦岭造山带向南推移和江南造山带向西北扩张的协同作用影响，所观察到的地层与晚侏罗世至白垩世的红层错综复杂地联系在一起。新生代断层、褶皱和节理的控制--青藏高原向东扩张和川滇地层向东南挤压的结果--进一步塑造了这些丹霞地貌。值得注意的是，青藏高原的东扩引起了四川盆地南部新生代的隆起，启动了对丹霞地貌形成至关重要的红层快速剥蚀过程。因此，特提斯-喜马拉雅构造演化不仅为这些地貌提供了物质和构造基础，还对其在四川盆地南部的发展产生了深远影响。这项研究大大有助于我们加深对中国丹霞地貌空间分布的认识。

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来源期刊

Geoheritage GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-

CiteScore

5.10

自引率

34.50%

发文量

107

期刊介绍： The Geoheritage journal is an international journal dedicated to discussing all aspects of our global geoheritage, both in situ and portable. The journal will invite all contributions on the conservation of sites and materials - use, protection and practical heritage management - as well as its interpretation through education, training and tourism. The journal wishes to cover all aspects of geoheritage and its protection. Key topics are: - Identification, characterisation, quantification and management of geoheritage; - Geodiversity and geosites; - On-site science, geological and geomorphological research: - Global scientific heritage - key scientific geosites, GSSPs, stratotype conservation and management; - Scientific research and education, and the promotion of the geosciences thereby; - Conventions, statute and legal instruments, national and international; - Integration of biodiversity and geodiversity in nature conservation and land-use policies; - Geological heritage and Environmental Impact Assessment studies; - Geological heritage, sustainable development, community action, practical initiatives and tourism; - Geoparks: creation, management and outputs; - Conservation in the natural world, Man-made and natural impacts, climate change; - Geotourism definitions, methodologies, and case studies; - International mechanisms for conservation and popularisation - World Heritage Sites, National Parks etc.; - Materials, data and people important in the history of science, museums, collections and all portable geoheritage; - Education and training of geoheritage specialists; - Pedagogical use of geological heritage - publications, teaching media, trails, centres, on-site museums; - Linking the United Nations Decade of Education for Sustainable Development (2005- 2014) with geoconservation.