Bendis, Deloptes and Asklepios: Reconsidering Reciprocal Formations of Iconography and Placement of Newcomer Cults in the Piraeus

IF 0.4 4区文学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

ACTA ARCHAEOLOGICA Pub Date : 2024-02-08 DOI:10.1163/16000390-09401057

Constanze Graml

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Abstract

In the fifth century BCE, Athenians intensified the worship of non-Athenian and non-Greek deities, a fact which has resulted in massive scholarly attention (Garland 1992; Parker 1996; Neumann 2022). While the legal facet of this procedure has been extensively analysed (Parker 1996; 2011), the spatial aspect of the establishment of new cults – the ‘placemaking’ – has been mainly neglected. This article re-examines the placement of the cults of Asklepios, Bendis and Deloptes, commonly assumed to have been a healing hero and a paredros of Bendis. Based on the iconographical analysis of Piraean votive reliefs for these divinities in combination with the spatial and temporal setting of these attestations, I argue that the Athenians provided space for this first wave of officially accepted religious newcomers close to the Zea harbour. At the temenos, which is usually identified as the Asklepieion and its immediate surroundings, several originally non-Athenian cults were installed during the Peloponnesian War, making it an anchoring point for the divine new arrivals.

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本迪斯、德洛普特和阿斯克勒庇俄斯：重新考虑比雷埃夫斯新来者崇拜的肖像和位置的互惠形式

公元前五世纪，雅典人加强了对非雅典和非希腊神灵的崇拜，这一事实引起了大量学者的关注（加兰，1992 年；帕克，1996 年；诺伊曼，2022 年）。虽然对这一过程的法律层面进行了广泛分析（Parker，1996 年；2011 年），但建立新邪教的空间层面--"场所营造"--却主要被忽视了。本文重新审视了阿斯克勒庇俄斯、本迪斯和德洛普特（通常被认为是本迪斯的治疗英雄和帕雷德罗斯）的崇拜场所。根据对这些神灵的比雷埃祭祀浮雕的图标分析，结合这些证据的空间和时间背景，我认为雅典人为这第一波被官方接受的宗教新人提供了靠近泽亚港的空间。在 Temenos（通常指 Asklepieion 及其周边地区），在伯罗奔尼撒战争期间设置了几个原本非雅典人的崇拜场所，使其成为新来的神灵的落脚点。

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ACTA ARCHAEOLOGICA ARCHAEOLOGY-

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期刊介绍： Acta Archaeologica, founded in 1930, is the leading scientific international archaeological periodical in Scandinavia. Acta Archaeologica is published annually and contains 200 to 250 large pages, beautifully illustrated. The papers are in English, German, French, or Italian, well-edited, and of lasting value. Acta Archaeologica covers the archaeology of Scandinavia, including the North Atlantic, until about 1500 AD. At the same time, Acta Archaeologica is underscoring the position of Northern Europe in its wider continental context. Mediterranean (and Near Eastern) archaeology plays a particular role. Contributions from arctic, maritime and other branches of archaeology, as well as from other continents, are included.