Characteristics and Genesis of Acid Drainage Contamination from a Rock Tunneling Project Site

IF 4.1 2区 地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Yanyun Li, Zejiao Luo, Shihua Qi
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Abstract

While acid mine drainage (AMD) issues have become a topic of global concern, few studies have focused on acid drainage problems of non-mining activities. We conducted field research and a series of laboratory experiments to investigate the characteristics, release processes and formation of acid drainage contamination. Spoil rock samples and adjacent surface water, groundwater, soil and sediment samples were collected at a railway tunnel construction site in central China, and various parameters, such as the pH, mineral ion concentrations, and heavy metal concentrations, were measured. Based on the measured concentrations, surface water and sediments were seriously contaminated by acids, sulfate salts and heavy metals. Contamination in surface water showed a decreasing tendency as the distance from the spoils increased, while that in sediments showed a greater influence of coprecipitation and adsorption processes of heavy metal ions. The eluviation experiments of three rock samples indicated that R2 (silty fine sandstone) was the most likely major acid drainage contributor. Thiobacillus ferrooxidans was cultured and isolated from contaminated water to study the oxidation conditions during the release processes. The significant release of acid drainage when air and bacteria were both in the culture container suggested that oxygen and bacteria were necessary to produce acid drainage from spoils.

岩石隧道工程现场酸性排水污染的特征和成因
尽管酸性矿井排水(AMD)问题已成为全球关注的话题,但很少有研究关注非采矿活动的酸性排水问题。我们进行了实地研究和一系列实验室实验,以调查酸性排水污染的特征、释放过程和形成。我们在中国中部的一个铁路隧道施工现场采集了废石样品和邻近的地表水、地下水、土壤和沉积物样品,并测量了各种参数,如 pH 值、矿物质离子浓度和重金属浓度。根据所测得的浓度,地表水和沉积物受到酸、硫酸盐和重金属的严重污染。地表水的污染程度随着与废墟距离的增加呈下降趋势,而沉积物的污染程度则受重金属离子共沉淀和吸附过程的影响较大。对三种岩石样本的冲洗实验表明,R2(粉砂质细砂岩)最有可能是酸性排水的主要来源。从受污染的水中培养并分离出铁氧化硫杆菌,以研究释放过程中的氧化条件。当培养容器中同时存在空气和细菌时,酸排水会大量释放,这表明从废渣中产生酸排水需要氧气和细菌。
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来源期刊
Journal of Earth Science
Journal of Earth Science 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
5.50
自引率
12.10%
发文量
128
审稿时长
4.5 months
期刊介绍: Journal of Earth Science (previously known as Journal of China University of Geosciences), issued bimonthly through China University of Geosciences, covers all branches of geology and related technology in the exploration and utilization of earth resources. Founded in 1990 as the Journal of China University of Geosciences, this publication is expanding its breadth of coverage to an international scope. Coverage includes such topics as geology, petrology, mineralogy, ore deposit geology, tectonics, paleontology, stratigraphy, sedimentology, geochemistry, geophysics and environmental sciences. Articles published in recent issues include Tectonics in the Northwestern West Philippine Basin; Creep Damage Characteristics of Soft Rock under Disturbance Loads; Simplicial Indicator Kriging; Tephra Discovered in High Resolution Peat Sediment and Its Indication to Climatic Event. The journal offers discussion of new theories, methods and discoveries; reports on recent achievements in the geosciences; and timely reviews of selected subjects.
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