Cognitive factors contribute to the symbolic and the non-symbolic SNARC effects in children and adults

IF 1.8 3区心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL

Cognitive Development Pub Date : 2024-02-16 DOI:10.1016/j.cogdev.2024.101422

Yaxin Zhang , Xiao Yu , Yue Qi , Han Zhang , Jiaqian Xu , Yinghe Chen

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The SNARC effect is a phenomenon in which the left hand reacts quickly to small numbers, and the right hand reacts quickly to large numbers. In this study, the symbolic and non-symbolic SNARC effects between 9-year-old children and adults were compared, and the cognitive mechanisms underlying these effects were examined in both groups. The findings indicate that children and adults exhibit significant symbolic and non-symbolic SNARC effects, with children having a stronger non-symbolic SNARC effect than adults. According to path analyses, visual perception and phonological awareness played important roles in children’s symbolic SNARC effect, whereas inhibitory control played an important role in adults’ symbolic SNARC effect. Three-dimensional mental rotation and phonological memory accounted for significant variance in the non-symbolic SNARC effect in children and adults. Working memory did not significantly contribute to symbolic or non-symbolic SNARC effects in children and adults. In sum, our findings would not only help understand the theoretical relationships among various cognitive skills and SNARC effects but also help to develop age-appropriate intervention programs related to the nature of spatial-numerical associations.

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认知因素对儿童和成人的象征性和非象征性 SNARC 效应起作用

SNARC效应是指左手对小数字反应迅速，右手对大数字反应迅速的现象。本研究比较了 9 岁儿童和成人的象征性和非象征性 SNARC 效应，并考察了两组儿童产生这些效应的认知机制。研究结果表明，儿童和成人都表现出明显的符号和非符号 SNARC 效应，其中儿童的非符号 SNARC 效应比成人更强。根据路径分析，视觉感知和语音意识在儿童的符号SNARC效应中发挥了重要作用，而抑制控制在成人的符号SNARC效应中发挥了重要作用。三维心智旋转和语音记忆在儿童和成人的非符号 SNARC 效应中占显著差异。工作记忆对儿童和成人的符号或非符号 SNARC 效应没有明显影响。总之，我们的研究结果不仅有助于理解各种认知技能与SNARC效应之间的理论关系，还有助于开发与空间-数字关联性质相关的适龄干预方案。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Cognitive Development Multiple-

CiteScore

3.20

自引率

5.60%

发文量

114

期刊介绍： Cognitive Development contains the very best empirical and theoretical work on the development of perception, memory, language, concepts, thinking, problem solving, metacognition, and social cognition. Criteria for acceptance of articles will be: significance of the work to issues of current interest, substance of the argument, and clarity of expression. For purposes of publication in Cognitive Development, moral and social development will be considered part of cognitive development when they are related to the development of knowledge or thought processes.