Nation-Wide Variation in Presence of Legislation or Protocols for EMS Care of Operational Canines.

IF 2.1 4区医学 Q2 EMERGENCY MEDICINE

Prehospital and Disaster Medicine Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-15 DOI:10.1017/S1049023X24000074

David W Schoenfeld, Caroline E Thomas, Lee Palmer, William Justice, Esther Hwang, Kate D Zimmerman, Jeffrey M Goodloe, Jonathan D Shecter, Stephen H Thomas

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background & aims: Deployment of law enforcement operational canines (OpK9s) risks injuries to the animals. This study's aim was to assess the current status of states' OpK9 (veterinary Emergency Medical Services [VEMS]) laws and care protocols within the United States.

Methods: Cross-sectional standardized review of state laws/regulations and OpK9 VEMS treatment protocols was undertaken. For each state and for the District of Columbia (DC), the presence of OpK9 legislation and/or care protocols was ascertained. Information was obtained through governmental records and from stakeholders (eg, state EMS medical directors and state veterinary boards).The main endpoints were proportions of states with OpK9 laws and/or treatment protocols. Proportions are reported with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Fisher's exact test (P <.05) assessed whether presence of an OpK9 law in a given jurisdiction was associated with presence of an OpK9 care protocol, and whether there was geographic variation (based on United States Census Bureau regions) in presence of OpK9 laws or protocols.

Results: Of 51 jurisdictions, 20 (39.2%) had OpK9 legislation and 23 (45.1%) had state-wide protocols for EMS treatment of OpK9s. There was no association (P = .991) between presence of legislation and presence of protocols. There was no association (P = .144) between presence of legislation and region: Northeast 66.7% (95% CI, 29.9-92.5%), Midwest 50.0% (95% CI, 21.1-78.9%), South 29.4% (95% CI, 10.3-56.0%), and West 23.1% (95% CI, 5.0-53.8%). There was significant (P = .001) regional variation in presence of state-wide OpK9 treatment protocols: Northeast 100.0% (95% CI, 66.4-100.0%), Midwest 16.7% (95% CI, 2.1-48.4%), South 47.1% (95% CI, 23.0-72.2%), and West 30.8% (95% CI, 9.1-61.4%).

Conclusion: There is substantial disparity with regard to presence of OpK9 legal and/or clinical guidance. National collaborative guidelines development is advisable to optimize and standardize care of OpK9s. Additional attention should be paid to educational and training programs to best utilize the limited available training budgets.

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全国范围内关于行动警犬急救医疗服务的立法或协议存在差异。

背景与目的：部署执法行动警犬（OpK9s）可能会对动物造成伤害。本研究旨在评估美国各州的 OpK9（兽医紧急医疗服务 [VEMS]）法律和护理协议的现状：方法：对各州的法律/法规和OpK9兽医紧急医疗服务治疗方案进行横向标准化审查。对每个州和哥伦比亚特区（DC）的 OpK9 法律和/或护理规程进行了确认。主要终点是拥有 OpK9 法律和/或治疗方案的州的比例。报告的比例包含 95% 的置信区间 (CI)。费雪精确检验（P 结果：在 51 个辖区中，20 个（39.2%）制定了 OpK9 法律，23 个（45.1%）制定了全州范围内的 OpK9 急救治疗协议。立法与规程之间没有关联（P = .991）。立法与地区之间没有关联（P = .144）：东北部 66.7% (95% CI, 29.9-92.5%)，中西部 50.0% (95% CI, 21.1-78.9%)，南部 29.4% (95% CI, 10.3-56.0%)，西部 23.1% (95% CI, 5.0-53.8%)。在全州范围内制定 OpK9 治疗方案的地区差异很大（P = .001）：东北部为 100.0%（95% CI，66.4-100.0%），中西部为 16.7%（95% CI，2.1-48.4%），南部为 47.1%（95% CI，23.0-72.2%），西部为 30.8%（95% CI，9.1-61.4%）：在制定OpK9法律和/或临床指南方面存在巨大差异。为优化和规范九级头颈畸形患者的治疗，最好制定国家合作指南。应进一步关注教育和培训计划，以充分利用有限的培训预算。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Prehospital and Disaster Medicine Medicine-Emergency Medicine

CiteScore

3.10

自引率

13.60%

发文量

279

期刊介绍： Prehospital and Disaster Medicine (PDM) is an official publication of the World Association for Disaster and Emergency Medicine. Currently in its 25th volume, Prehospital and Disaster Medicine is one of the leading scientific journals focusing on prehospital and disaster health. It is the only peer-reviewed international journal in its field, published bi-monthly, providing a readable, usable worldwide source of research and analysis. PDM is currently distributed in more than 55 countries. Its readership includes physicians, professors, EMTs and paramedics, nurses, emergency managers, disaster planners, hospital administrators, sociologists, and psychologists.