Human social buffer in goats and dogs.

IF 1.9 2区 生物学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
Anna Scandurra, Biagio D'Aniello, Maria Elena Pero, Claudia Pinelli, Alfredo Di Lucrezia, Raffaella Tudisco, Piera Iommelli, Vincenzo Mastellone, Pietro Lombardi
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Abstract

The primary goal of this study was to explore the social buffering effect that humans offer to goats and dogs with limited exposure to human socialization, particularly in situations involving interactions with unfamiliar humans. A total of 13 dogs and 14 goats were selected for the study, all of which had limited prior socialization with humans. Each animal was placed in a testing room with unfamiliar humans for 15 min. Three experimenters aimed to establish a comfortable environment, encouraging social interaction by offering food to the animals and assessing the animals' willingness to accept food and their response to being approached and petted. If both conditions were satisfied, the animals were classified as "social". If one or none of the conditions were met, the animals were classified as "not social". Cortisol levels were measured by collecting blood samples before and after the test. Non-parametric tests together with a GzLM showed that the effect of human social buffering in goats was different in comparison to dogs: goats exhibited higher cortisol levels after the test, while dogs did not show a significant change. Further analysis demonstrated that "social" goats had a lower likelihood of experiencing significant changes in cortisol levels than dogs. Thus, once human interactions are accepted, both species could benefit from social buffering. In summary, this study enhances our understanding of how dogs and goats respond to social interactions with humans in the social buffering effect.

Abstract Image

山羊和狗的人类社会缓冲区。
本研究的主要目的是探索人类对山羊和狗的社交缓冲作用,尤其是在与陌生人类互动的情况下。本研究共选取了 13 只狗和 14 只山羊,它们之前与人类的社交接触都很有限。每只动物都被放置在一个测试室中,与不熟悉的人类相处 15 分钟。三位实验员旨在建立一个舒适的环境,通过提供食物鼓励动物进行社交互动,并评估动物接受食物的意愿以及对接近和抚摸的反应。如果两个条件都满足,动物就被归类为 "社交 "动物。如果满足其中一个条件或一个条件都不满足,则被归类为 "不社交"。通过在测试前后采集血液样本来测量皮质醇水平。非参数检验和 GzLM 显示,人类社交缓冲对山羊和狗的影响不同:山羊在测试后表现出更高的皮质醇水平,而狗则没有明显变化。进一步的分析表明,与狗相比,"社交 "山羊皮质醇水平发生显著变化的可能性较低。因此,一旦接受了人际交往,两种动物都能从社交缓冲中受益。总之,这项研究加深了我们对狗和山羊在社会缓冲效应中如何应对与人类的社会互动的理解。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Animal Cognition
Animal Cognition 生物-动物学
CiteScore
4.50
自引率
18.50%
发文量
125
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Animal Cognition is an interdisciplinary journal offering current research from many disciplines (ethology, behavioral ecology, animal behavior and learning, cognitive sciences, comparative psychology and evolutionary psychology) on all aspects of animal (and human) cognition in an evolutionary framework. Animal Cognition publishes original empirical and theoretical work, reviews, methods papers, short communications and correspondence on the mechanisms and evolution of biologically rooted cognitive-intellectual structures. The journal explores animal time perception and use; causality detection; innate reaction patterns and innate bases of learning; numerical competence and frequency expectancies; symbol use; communication; problem solving, animal thinking and use of tools, and the modularity of the mind.
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