Effects of incubation temperature on the upper thermal tolerance of the imperiled longfin smelt (Spirinchus thaleichthys).

IF 2.6 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION
Conservation Physiology Pub Date : 2024-02-10 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1093/conphys/coae004
Yuzo R Yanagitsuru, Florian Mauduit, Alexis J Lundquist, Levi S Lewis, James A Hobbs, Tien-Chieh Hung, Richard E Connon, Nann A Fangue
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Abstract

Upper thermal limits in many fish species are limited, in part, by the heart's ability to meet increased oxygen demand during high temperatures. Cardiac plasticity induced by developmental temperatures can therefore influence thermal tolerance. Here, we determined how incubation temperatures during the embryonic stage influence cardiac performance across temperatures during the sensitive larval stage of the imperiled longfin smelt. We transposed a cardiac assay for larger fish to newly hatched larvae that were incubated at 9°C, 12°C or 15°C. We measured heart rate over increases in temperature to identify the Arrhenius breakpoint temperature (TAB), a proxy for thermal optimum and two upper thermal limit metrics: temperature when heart rate is maximized (Tpeak) and when cardiac arrhythmia occurs (TArr). Higher incubation temperatures increased TAB, Tpeak and TArr, but high individual variation in all three metrics resulted in great overlap of individuals at TAB, Tpeak and TArr across temperatures. We found that the temperatures at which 10% of individuals reached Tpeak or TArr and temperatures at which number of individuals at TAB relative to Tpeak (ΔN(TAB,Tpeak)) was maximal, correlated more closely with upper thermal limits and thermal optima inferred from previous studies, compared to the mean values of the three cardiac metrics of the present study. Higher incubation temperatures increased the 10% Tpeak and TArr thresholds but maximum ΔN(TAB,Tpeak) largely remained the same, suggesting that incubation temperatures modulate upper thermal limits but not Topt for a group of larvae. Overall, by measuring cardiac performance across temperatures, we defined upper thermal limits (10% thresholds; Tpeak, 14.4-17.5°C; TArr, 16.9-20.2°C) and optima (ΔN(TAB,Tpeak), 12.4-14.4°C) that can guide conservation strategies for longfin smelt and demonstrated the potential of this cardiac assay for informing conservation plans for the early life stages of fish.

孵化温度对濒临灭绝的长鳍胡瓜鱼(Spirinchus thaleichthys)上限耐热性的影响。
许多鱼类的耐热上限部分受限于心脏在高温期间满足增加的氧气需求的能力。因此,发育温度诱导的心脏可塑性会影响耐热性。在此,我们确定了胚胎期的孵化温度如何影响濒危长鳍胡瓜鱼幼体敏感期不同温度下的心脏性能。我们将针对大型鱼类的心脏测定方法移植到在 9°C、12°C 或 15°C 温度下孵化的刚孵化幼体上。我们测量了心率随温度升高的变化,以确定阿伦尼乌斯断点温度(TAB),这是热量最佳值和两个热量上限指标的代表:心率达到最大值时的温度(Tpeak)和心律失常发生时的温度(TArr)。较高的孵化温度会增加 TAB、Tpeak 和 TArr,但这三个指标的个体差异很大,导致不同温度下 TAB、Tpeak 和 TArr 的个体有很大重叠。我们发现,与本研究的三个心脏指标的平均值相比,10%的个体达到Tab峰值或TArr的温度,以及相对于Tab峰值处于TAB的个体数(ΔN(TAB,Tpeak))达到最大值的温度,与先前研究推断的热上限和热最适值更密切相关。较高的孵化温度提高了10%的Tpeak和TArr阈值,但最大值ΔN(TAB,Tpeak)基本保持不变,这表明孵化温度会改变一组幼虫的热上限,但不会改变Topt。总之,通过测量不同温度下的心脏性能,我们确定了长鳍胡瓜鱼的热上限(10%阈值;Tpeak,14.4-17.5°C;TArr,16.9-20.2°C)和最适温度(ΔN(TAB,Tpeak),12.4-14.4°C),可为长鳍胡瓜鱼的保护策略提供指导,并证明了这种心脏测定法在为鱼类早期生命阶段的保护计划提供信息方面的潜力。
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来源期刊
Conservation Physiology
Conservation Physiology Environmental Science-Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law
CiteScore
5.10
自引率
3.70%
发文量
71
审稿时长
11 weeks
期刊介绍: Conservation Physiology is an online only, fully open access journal published on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology. Biodiversity across the globe faces a growing number of threats associated with human activities. Conservation Physiology will publish research on all taxa (microbes, plants and animals) focused on understanding and predicting how organisms, populations, ecosystems and natural resources respond to environmental change and stressors. Physiology is considered in the broadest possible terms to include functional and mechanistic responses at all scales. We also welcome research towards developing and refining strategies to rebuild populations, restore ecosystems, inform conservation policy, and manage living resources. We define conservation physiology broadly and encourage potential authors to contact the editorial team if they have any questions regarding the remit of the journal.
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