Prevalence and Associated Factors of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Among Adults in Neno District, Malawi: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study

IF 2.8 3区医学 Q1 Medicine

International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Pub Date : 2024-02-05 DOI:10.2147/copd.s444378

Haules Robbins Zaniku, Emilia Connolly, Moses Banda Aron, Beatrice Lydia Matanje, Myness Kasanda Ndambo, George Complex Talama, Fabien Munyaneza, Todd Ruderman, Jamie Rylance, Luckson Wandani Dullie, Rejani Lalitha, Ndaziona Peter Kwanjo Banda, Adamson S Muula

{"title":"Prevalence and Associated Factors of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Among Adults in Neno District, Malawi: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study","authors":"Haules Robbins Zaniku, Emilia Connolly, Moses Banda Aron, Beatrice Lydia Matanje, Myness Kasanda Ndambo, George Complex Talama, Fabien Munyaneza, Todd Ruderman, Jamie Rylance, Luckson Wandani Dullie, Rejani Lalitha, Ndaziona Peter Kwanjo Banda, Adamson S Muula","doi":"10.2147/copd.s444378","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) continues to pose a global public health challenge. However, literature is scarce on the burden of COPD in Malawi. We assessed the prevalence and risk factors for COPD among adults in Neno, Malawi. Methodology: We conducted a population-based analytical cross-sectional study in Neno District between December 2021 and November 2022. Using a multi-stage sampling technique, we included 525 adults aged≥ 40 years. All participants underwent spirometry according to the American Thoracic Society (ATS) guidelines and were interviewed using the IMPALA questionnaire. For this study, we utilized the definition of COPD as a post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC < 0.70. We collected data using Kobo collect, exported to Microsoft Excel, and analysed using R software. We used descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis; a p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Out of 525 participants, 510 participants were included in the final analysis. Fifty-eight percent of the participants were females (n=296), and 62.2% (n=317) were between 40 and 49 years with a median (IQR) age of 46 (40– 86). For patient characteristics, 15.1% (n=77) were current smokers, and 4.1% (n=21) had a history of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). Cough was the most commonly reported respiratory symptom (n=249, 48.8%). The prevalence of COPD was 10.0% (n=51) and higher (15.0%) among males compared to females (6.4%). Factors significantly associated with COPD were age 60 years and above (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 3.27, 95% CI: 1.48– 7.34, p< 0.004), ever smoked (aOR = 6.17, 95% CI:1.89– 18.7, p< 0.002), current smoker (aOR = 17.6, 95% CI: 8.47– 38.4, p< 0.001), and previous PTB (aOR = 4.42, 95% CI: 1.16– 15.5, p< 0.023). Conclusion: The cross-sectional prevalence of COPD in rural Malawi is high, especially among males. Factors significantly associated were older age (60 years and above), cigarette smoking, and previous PTB. Longitudinal studies are needed to better understand disease etiology and progression in this setting. Keywords: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, prevalence, spirometry, associated factors, Malawi ","PeriodicalId":13792,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.2147/copd.s444378","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"Medicine","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) continues to pose a global public health challenge. However, literature is scarce on the burden of COPD in Malawi. We assessed the prevalence and risk factors for COPD among adults in Neno, Malawi.
Methodology: We conducted a population-based analytical cross-sectional study in Neno District between December 2021 and November 2022. Using a multi-stage sampling technique, we included 525 adults aged≥ 40 years. All participants underwent spirometry according to the American Thoracic Society (ATS) guidelines and were interviewed using the IMPALA questionnaire. For this study, we utilized the definition of COPD as a post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC < 0.70. We collected data using Kobo collect, exported to Microsoft Excel, and analysed using R software. We used descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis; a p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Out of 525 participants, 510 participants were included in the final analysis. Fifty-eight percent of the participants were females (n=296), and 62.2% (n=317) were between 40 and 49 years with a median (IQR) age of 46 (40– 86). For patient characteristics, 15.1% (n=77) were current smokers, and 4.1% (n=21) had a history of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). Cough was the most commonly reported respiratory symptom (n=249, 48.8%). The prevalence of COPD was 10.0% (n=51) and higher (15.0%) among males compared to females (6.4%). Factors significantly associated with COPD were age 60 years and above (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 3.27, 95% CI: 1.48– 7.34, p< 0.004), ever smoked (aOR = 6.17, 95% CI:1.89– 18.7, p< 0.002), current smoker (aOR = 17.6, 95% CI: 8.47– 38.4, p< 0.001), and previous PTB (aOR = 4.42, 95% CI: 1.16– 15.5, p< 0.023).
Conclusion: The cross-sectional prevalence of COPD in rural Malawi is high, especially among males. Factors significantly associated were older age (60 years and above), cigarette smoking, and previous PTB. Longitudinal studies are needed to better understand disease etiology and progression in this setting.

Keywords: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, prevalence, spirometry, associated factors, Malawi

查看原文本刊更多论文

马拉维内诺地区成人慢性阻塞性肺病患病率及相关因素：横断面分析研究

导言：慢性阻塞性肺病（COPD）仍然是全球公共卫生面临的一项挑战。然而，有关马拉维慢性阻塞性肺病负担的文献却很少。我们评估了马拉维内诺成人慢性阻塞性肺病的患病率和风险因素：我们于 2021 年 12 月至 2022 年 11 月在内诺县开展了一项基于人口的横断面分析研究。我们采用多阶段抽样技术，纳入了 525 名年龄≥ 40 岁的成年人。所有参与者都根据美国胸科学会（ATS）指南进行了肺活量测定，并使用 IMPALA 问卷进行了访谈。在本研究中，我们将慢性阻塞性肺病定义为支气管扩张后 FEV1/FVC < 0.70。我们使用 Kobo collect 收集数据，然后导出到 Microsoft Excel，并使用 R 软件进行分析。我们使用了描述性统计和逻辑回归分析；P 值为 < 0.05 视为具有统计学意义：在 525 名参与者中，有 510 人被纳入最终分析。58%的参与者为女性（人数=296），62.2%的参与者（人数=317）年龄在40至49岁之间，中位数（IQR）年龄为46（40-86）岁。就患者特征而言，15.1%（n=77）的患者目前吸烟，4.1%（n=21）的患者有肺结核（PTB）病史。咳嗽是最常见的呼吸道症状（249 人，占 48.8%）。慢性阻塞性肺病的发病率为 10.0%（n=51），男性（15.0%）高于女性（6.4%）。与慢性阻塞性肺病明显相关的因素是 60 岁及以上（调整后的几率比 [aOR] = 3.27，95% CI：1.48- 7.34，p< 0.004）、曾经吸烟（aOR = 6.17，95% CI：1.89- 18.7，p< 0.002）、当前吸烟者（aOR = 17.6，95% CI：8.47- 38.4，p< 0.001）和既往 PTB（aOR = 4.42，95% CI：1.16- 15.5，p< 0.023）：马拉维农村地区慢性阻塞性肺病的横断面患病率较高，尤其是男性。与之密切相关的因素包括年龄较大（60 岁及以上）、吸烟和曾患过肺结核。需要进行纵向研究，以更好地了解这种情况下的疾病病因和进展。关键词：马拉维，慢性阻塞性肺病，患病率，肺活量测定，相关因素

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease RESPIRATORY SYSTEM-

CiteScore

5.10

自引率

10.70%

发文量

372

审稿时长

16 weeks

期刊介绍： An international, peer-reviewed journal of therapeutics and pharmacology focusing on concise rapid reporting of clinical studies and reviews in COPD. Special focus will be given to the pathophysiological processes underlying the disease, intervention programs, patient focused education, and self management protocols. This journal is directed at specialists and healthcare professionals