Viral coinfection in hospitalized patients during the COVID-19 pandemic in Southern Brazil: a retrospective cohort study

IF 4.7 2区医学 Q1 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Respiratory Research Pub Date : 2024-02-05 DOI:10.1186/s12931-024-02708-2

Jaqueline Rhoden, Andressa Taíz Hoffmann, Janaína Franciele Stein, Bruna Seixas da Rocha, Vinícius Monteagudo de Barros, Eduardo Viegas da Silva, Juliane Deise Fleck, Caroline Rigotto

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Abstract

Since the worldwide spread of SARS-CoV-2, different strategies have been followed to combat the pandemic and limit virus transmission. In the meantime, other respiratory viruses continued to circulate, though at decreased rates. This study was conducted between June and July 2022, in a hospital in the metropolitan region of Rio Grande do Sul state, in the southernmost state of Brazil. The 337 hospitalized patients included those with respiratory symptoms without delimitation of age. Reverse transcription-quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction detected 15 different respiratory viruses and confirmed coinfections in the samples. Different statistical tests were applied to evaluate the association between associations of clinical characteristics and coinfection. Sampling corresponds to 337 selected and 330 patients analyzed. The principal clinical outcome found was hospital discharge in 309 (94%) cases, while 21 (6%) resulted in death. The principal viral agents related to coinfections were Human rhinovirus, Human enterovirus, and Respiratory syncytial virus. The most frequent viral agent detected was SARS-CoV-2, with 60 (18%) infections, followed by 51 (15%) cases of Respiratory syncytial virus B (15%) and 44 (13%) cases of Human rhinovirus 1. Coinfection was mainly observed in children, while adults and the elderly were more affected by a single infection. Analyzing COVID-19 vaccination, 175 (53%) were unvaccinated while the remainder had at least one dose of the vaccine. This study presents information to update the understanding of viral circulation in the region. Furthermore, the findings clarify the behavior of viral infections and possible coinfections in hospitalized patients, considering different ages and clinical profiles. In addition, this knowledge can help to monitor the population’s clinical manifestations and prevent future outbreaks of respiratory viruses.

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巴西南部 COVID-19 大流行期间住院病人的病毒合并感染：一项回顾性队列研究

自 SARS-CoV-2 在全球传播以来，人们采取了不同的策略来应对这一流行病并限制病毒传播。与此同时，其他呼吸道病毒仍在继续传播，但传播率有所下降。这项研究于 2022 年 6 月至 7 月间在巴西最南端的南里奥格兰德州大都会地区的一家医院进行。337名住院病人包括有呼吸道症状的病人，不分年龄。逆转录-定量实时聚合酶链反应检测出了 15 种不同的呼吸道病毒，并确认了样本中的合并感染。应用不同的统计检验来评估临床特征与合并感染之间的关联。共选取了 337 例样本，分析了 330 例患者。309例（94%）患者的主要临床结果是出院，21例（6%）患者死亡。与合并感染有关的主要病毒病原体是人类鼻病毒、人类肠道病毒和呼吸道合胞病毒。最常见的病毒病原体是 SARS-CoV-2，有 60 例（18%）感染病例，其次是 51 例（15%）呼吸道合胞病毒 B（15%）和 44 例（13%）人类鼻病毒 1。合并感染主要发生在儿童身上，而成人和老年人受单一感染的影响更大。在分析 COVID-19 疫苗接种情况时，有 175 人（53%）未接种疫苗，其余的人至少接种过一剂疫苗。这项研究提供的信息更新了人们对该地区病毒传播的认识。此外，考虑到不同的年龄和临床特征，研究结果还澄清了住院病人的病毒感染行为和可能的合并感染。此外，这些知识还有助于监测人群的临床表现，预防未来呼吸道病毒的爆发。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Respiratory Research 医学-呼吸系统

自引率

1.70%

发文量

314

期刊介绍： Respiratory Research publishes high-quality clinical and basic research, review and commentary articles on all aspects of respiratory medicine and related diseases. As the leading fully open access journal in the field, Respiratory Research provides an essential resource for pulmonologists, allergists, immunologists and other physicians, researchers, healthcare workers and medical students with worldwide dissemination of articles resulting in high visibility and generating international discussion. Topics of specific interest include asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis, genetics, infectious diseases, interstitial lung diseases, lung development, lung tumors, occupational and environmental factors, pulmonary circulation, pulmonary pharmacology and therapeutics, respiratory immunology, respiratory physiology, and sleep-related respiratory problems.