Evaluation of immune status and selected sirtuins in people living with HIV after fully vaccinating for COVID-19

Beata Szymańska, Monika Stępień, B. Knysz, Małgorzata Zalewska, Dawid Radziszewski, Hubert Ciepłucha, B. Szetela, Aleksandra Szymczak, A. Piwowar
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Abstract

The introduction of protective vaccination against COVID-19 was a turning point in the fight against the pandemic. Expectations also concerned the effectiveness of vaccines in inducing a strong immune response against the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the length of post-vaccination immunity. This topic seems to be especially important in the case of immunocompromised people such as those living with HIV (PLWH). The aim of the study was to examine the concentration of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies against the S1 subunit of the virus’spike protein as a marker of humoral response and the concentration of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) as an indicator of cellular response in PLWH undergoing combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) and uninfected people (control group) several months after the COVID-19 booster. Concentrations of selected enzymes from the group of sirtuins (SIRT1,-3,-6) that participate in the course of HIV infection were also examined. Concentrations of IgG and IFN-γ were statistically significantly lower in PLWH compared to the control group. Correlations between IgG and IFN-γ concentrations were found both in PLWH and in the control group. Only the concentration of SIRT-6 was significantly lower in PLWH compared to the control group. Vaccination for COVID-19 enabled good long-term humoral and cellular immunity in both HIV positive and uninfected people. The CD4/CD8 ratio and T CD8+ T lymphocytes count played a role in the long-term immune response to booster vaccination. The introduction of optimal cART stabilized the immune status of PLWH and had a positive effect on the humoral and cellular response against infection SARS-CoV- 2.
评估完全接种 COVID-19 疫苗后艾滋病毒感染者的免疫状态和选定的 sirtuins
针对 COVID-19 的保护性疫苗的引入是抗击该流行病的一个转折点。人们的期望还涉及疫苗在诱导对 SARS-CoV-2 病毒的强烈免疫反应方面的有效性以及疫苗接种后免疫力的持续时间。对于免疫力低下的人群,如艾滋病病毒感染者(PLWH),这个问题似乎尤为重要。这项研究的目的是检测正在接受联合抗逆转录病毒疗法(cART)的艾滋病毒感染者和未感染者(对照组)在接种 COVID-19 强化疫苗数月后,作为体液反应标志的抗 SARS-CoV-2 IgG 抗体的浓度,以及作为细胞反应指标的γ干扰素(IFN-γ)的浓度。此外,还检测了参与艾滋病病毒感染过程的sirtuins(SIRT1、-3、-6)组中某些酶的浓度。与对照组相比,白血病患者的 IgG 和 IFN-γ 浓度在统计学上明显较低。在 PLWH 和对照组中都发现了 IgG 和 IFN-γ 浓度之间的相关性。与对照组相比,只有SIRT-6的浓度在PLWH中明显降低。接种 COVID-19 疫苗可使 HIV 阳性和未感染者获得良好的长期体液免疫和细胞免疫。CD4/CD8 比率和 T CD8+ T 淋巴细胞数量在加强免疫的长期免疫反应中发挥了作用。采用最佳的 cART 稳定了 PLWH 的免疫状态,并对抗感染 SARS-CoV- 2 的体液和细胞反应产生了积极影响。
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