Tourism in Protected Areas in Spain: Perception of Sustainable Development in Protected Areas with Different Levels of Protection

IF 2.3 2区地球科学 Q2 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Geoheritage Pub Date : 2024-02-03 DOI:10.1007/s12371-024-00929-x

Esteban Pérez-Calderón, Vanessa Miguel-Barrado, Jorge Manuel Prieto-Ballester

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Abstract

Protected natural areas have become important tourist destinations around the world, and in Spain, national parks are the most representative figure of this type of enclave, having as one of its objectives to make conservation compatible with public use. One of its objectives is to make conservation compatible with public use. However, its restrictive legal regime prevents sustainability from being achieved. In this sense, UNESCO Global Geoparks emerges as an alternative figure with a vision more focused on socio-economic development. This paper compares the perception of sustainability in these two types of protected areas. For this purpose, a questionnaire was sent to the highest representatives of the municipalities closest to all the national parks and geoparks in Spain. The data analysis was carried out using structural equation modeling. The results of this study show a higher perception of sustainable development in geoparks than in national parks. In conclusion, very strict regulation of protected areas can be detrimental to tourism development and the population’s quality of life.

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西班牙保护区内的旅游业：对不同保护级别的保护区可持续发展的看法

自然保护区已成为世界各地重要的旅游胜地，在西班牙，国家公园是这类飞地的最具代表性的代表，其目标之一是使保护与公共利用相一致。国家公园的目标之一是使保护与公众使用相一致。然而，其限制性的法律制度阻碍了可持续性的实现。从这个意义上说，联合国教科文组织全球地质公园是一个替代性的形象，其愿景更侧重于社会经济发展。本文比较了这两类保护区对可持续性的认识。为此，我们向距离西班牙所有国家公园和地质公园最近的市镇的最高代表发放了调查问卷。数据分析采用了结构方程模型。研究结果表明，地质公园的可持续发展观念高于国家公园。总之，对保护区进行非常严格的管理可能不利于旅游业的发展和居民的生活质量。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Geoheritage GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-

CiteScore

5.10

自引率

34.50%

发文量

107

期刊介绍： The Geoheritage journal is an international journal dedicated to discussing all aspects of our global geoheritage, both in situ and portable. The journal will invite all contributions on the conservation of sites and materials - use, protection and practical heritage management - as well as its interpretation through education, training and tourism. The journal wishes to cover all aspects of geoheritage and its protection. Key topics are: - Identification, characterisation, quantification and management of geoheritage; - Geodiversity and geosites; - On-site science, geological and geomorphological research: - Global scientific heritage - key scientific geosites, GSSPs, stratotype conservation and management; - Scientific research and education, and the promotion of the geosciences thereby; - Conventions, statute and legal instruments, national and international; - Integration of biodiversity and geodiversity in nature conservation and land-use policies; - Geological heritage and Environmental Impact Assessment studies; - Geological heritage, sustainable development, community action, practical initiatives and tourism; - Geoparks: creation, management and outputs; - Conservation in the natural world, Man-made and natural impacts, climate change; - Geotourism definitions, methodologies, and case studies; - International mechanisms for conservation and popularisation - World Heritage Sites, National Parks etc.; - Materials, data and people important in the history of science, museums, collections and all portable geoheritage; - Education and training of geoheritage specialists; - Pedagogical use of geological heritage - publications, teaching media, trails, centres, on-site museums; - Linking the United Nations Decade of Education for Sustainable Development (2005- 2014) with geoconservation.