Gender Differences in Hospital Outcomes among COVID-19 Hospitalizations.

IF 1 4区医学 Q3 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

Southern Medical Journal Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI:10.14423/SMJ.0000000000001654

Sandeep Appunni, Muni Rubens, Venkataraghavan Ramamoorthy, Anshul Saxena, Mayur Doke, Mukesh Roy, Juan Gabriel Ruiz-Pelaez, Yanjia Zhang, Md Ashfaq Ahmed, Zhenwei Zhang, Peter McGranaghan, Sandra Chaparro, Javier Jimenez

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives: Many epidemiological studies have shown that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disproportionately affects males, compared with females, although other studies show that there were no such differences. The aim of the present study was to assess differences in the prevalence of hospitalizations and in-hospital outcomes between the sexes, using a larger administrative database.

Methods: We used the 2020 California State Inpatient Database for this retrospective analysis. International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification diagnosis code U07.1 was used to identify COVID-19 hospitalizations. These hospitalizations were subsequently stratified by male and female sex. Diagnosis and procedures were identified using the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification codes. The primary outcome of the study was hospitalization rate, and secondary outcomes were in-hospital mortality, prolonged length of stay, vasopressor use, mechanical ventilation, and intensive care unit (ICU) admission.

Results: There were 95,180 COVID-19 hospitalizations among patients 18 years and older, 52,465 (55.1%) of which were among men and 42,715 (44.9%) were among women. In-hospital mortality (12.4% vs 10.1%), prolonged length of hospital stays (30.6% vs 25.8%), vasopressor use (2.6% vs 1.6%), mechanical ventilation (11.8% vs 8.0%), and ICU admission rates (11.4% versus 7.8%) were significantly higher among male compared with female hospitalizations. Conditional logistic regression analysis showed that the odds of mortality (odds ratio [OR] 1.38, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.38-1.44), hospital lengths of stay (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.31-1.39), vasopressor use (OR 1.59, 95% CI 1.51-1.66), mechanical ventilation (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.47-1.78), and ICU admission rates (OR 1.58, 95% CI 1.51-1.66) were significantly higher among male hospitalizations.

Conclusion: Our findings show that male sex is an independent and strong risk factor associated with COVID-19 severity.

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COVID-19 住院病例中住院结果的性别差异。

目的：许多流行病学研究表明，与女性相比，2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）对男性的影响更大，尽管其他研究表明不存在这种差异。本研究的目的是利用一个更大的行政数据库，评估男女住院率和住院结果的差异：我们使用 2020 年加利福尼亚州住院病人数据库进行了这项回顾性分析。国际疾病分类第十版临床修订版诊断代码 U07.1 用于识别 COVID-19 住院病例。这些住院病例随后按男性和女性性别进行了分层。诊断和手术使用《国际疾病分类》第十版临床修正代码进行识别。研究的主要结果是住院率，次要结果是院内死亡率、住院时间延长、使用血管加压素、机械通气和入住重症监护室（ICU）：18 岁及以上的 COVID-19 住院患者共有 95,180 人，其中男性 52,465 人（55.1%），女性 42,715 人（44.9%）。与女性住院患者相比，男性住院患者的院内死亡率（12.4% 对 10.1%）、住院时间延长率（30.6% 对 25.8%）、血管加压药使用率（2.6% 对 1.6%）、机械通气率（11.8% 对 8.0%）和重症监护室入院率（11.4% 对 7.8%）均明显较高。条件逻辑回归分析显示，男性患者的死亡率（几率比 [OR] 1.38，95% 置信区间 [CI] 1.38-1.44）、住院时间（OR 1.35，95% CI 1.31-1.39）、使用血管加压器（OR 1.59，95% CI 1.51-1.66）、机械通气（OR 1.62，95% CI 1.47-1.78）和 ICU 入院率（OR 1.58，95% CI 1.51-1.66）在男性住院患者中明显更高：我们的研究结果表明，男性是与 COVID-19 严重程度相关的一个独立且强有力的风险因素。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Southern Medical Journal 医学-医学：内科

CiteScore

1.40

自引率

9.10%

发文量

222

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： As the official journal of the Birmingham, Alabama-based Southern Medical Association (SMA), the Southern Medical Journal (SMJ) has for more than 100 years provided the latest clinical information in areas that affect patients'' daily lives. Now delivered to individuals exclusively online, the SMJ has a multidisciplinary focus that covers a broad range of topics relevant to physicians and other healthcare specialists in all relevant aspects of the profession, including medicine and medical specialties, surgery and surgery specialties; child and maternal health; mental health; emergency and disaster medicine; public health and environmental medicine; bioethics and medical education; and quality health care, patient safety, and best practices. Each month, articles span the spectrum of medical topics, providing timely, up-to-the-minute information for both primary care physicians and specialists. Contributors include leaders in the healthcare field from across the country and around the world. The SMJ enables physicians to provide the best possible care to patients in this age of rapidly changing modern medicine.