Dark energy constraints from Pantheon+ Ia supernovae data

IF 1.8 4区 物理与天体物理 Q3 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
Sergio Torres-Arzayus
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Abstract

Measurements of the current expansion rate of the Universe, \(H_{0}\), using standard candles, disagree with those derived from observations of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). This discrepancy, known as the Hubble tension, is substantial and suggests the possibility of revisions to the standard cosmological model (Cosmological constant \(\Lambda \) and cold dark matter – \(\Lambda CDM\)). Dynamic dark energy (DE) models that introduce deviations in the expansion history relative to \(\Lambda CDM\) could potentially explain this tension. We used Type Ia supernovae (SNe) data to test a dynamic DE model consisting of an equation of state that varies linearly with the cosmological scale factor \(a\). To evaluate this model, we developed a new statistic (the \(T_{\alpha }\) statistic) used in conjunction with an optimization code that minimizes its value to obtain model parameters. The \(T_{\alpha }\) statistic reduces bias errors (in comparison to the \(\chi ^{2}\) statistic) because it retains the sign of the residuals, which is meaningful in testing the dynamic DE model as the deviations in the expansion history introduced by this model act asymmetrically in redshift space. The DE model fits the SNe data reasonably well, but the available SNe data lacks the statistical power to discriminate between \(\Lambda CDM\) and alternative models. To further assess the model using CMB data, we computed the distance to the last scattering surface and compared the results with that derived from the Planck observations. Although the simple dynamic DE model tested does not completely resolve the tension, it is not ruled out by the data and could still play a role alongside other physical effects.

Abstract Image

来自 Pantheon+ Ia 超新星数据的暗能量约束
使用标准烛光对宇宙当前膨胀率(H_{0}\)的测量结果与宇宙微波背景(CMB)观测结果不一致。这种差异被称为哈勃张力(Hubble tension),它是巨大的,并暗示着对标准宇宙学模型(宇宙常数(Cosmological constant \(\Lambda \) and cold dark matter - \(\Lambda CDM\))进行修正的可能性。动态暗能量(DE)模型引入了相对于膨胀历史的偏差,有可能解释这种紧张关系。我们利用Ia型超新星(SNe)数据测试了一个动态暗能量模型,该模型由一个随宇宙尺度因子(\(a\))线性变化的状态方程组成。为了评估这个模型,我们开发了一个新的统计量(\(T_{\alpha }\) 统计量),并与一个优化代码结合使用,使其值最小化,从而获得模型参数。与\(\chi ^{2}\)统计量相比,\(T_{alpha}\)统计量减少了偏差误差,因为它保留了残差的符号,这对于测试动态DE模型是有意义的,因为该模型引入的膨胀历史偏差在红移空间的作用是不对称的。DE模型合理地拟合了SNE数据,但是现有的SNE数据缺乏统计能力来区分\(\Lambda CDM\)和其他模型。为了利用CMB数据进一步评估该模型,我们计算了到最后一个散射面的距离,并将结果与普朗克观测得出的结果进行了比较。尽管所测试的简单动态DE模型并不能完全解决张力问题,但数据并没有排除它,而且它仍可能与其他物理效应一起发挥作用。
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来源期刊
Astrophysics and Space Science
Astrophysics and Space Science 地学天文-天文与天体物理
CiteScore
3.40
自引率
5.30%
发文量
106
审稿时长
2-4 weeks
期刊介绍: Astrophysics and Space Science publishes original contributions and invited reviews covering the entire range of astronomy, astrophysics, astrophysical cosmology, planetary and space science and the astrophysical aspects of astrobiology. This includes both observational and theoretical research, the techniques of astronomical instrumentation and data analysis and astronomical space instrumentation. We particularly welcome papers in the general fields of high-energy astrophysics, astrophysical and astrochemical studies of the interstellar medium including star formation, planetary astrophysics, the formation and evolution of galaxies and the evolution of large scale structure in the Universe. Papers in mathematical physics or in general relativity which do not establish clear astrophysical applications will no longer be considered. The journal also publishes topically selected special issues in research fields of particular scientific interest. These consist of both invited reviews and original research papers. Conference proceedings will not be considered. All papers published in the journal are subject to thorough and strict peer-reviewing. Astrophysics and Space Science features short publication times after acceptance and colour printing free of charge.
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