Diminishing numbers of male southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina Pinnipedia: Phocidae, Linnaeus, 1758) at the Vestfold Hills, East Antarctica (1957–2022)

IF 1.8 4区 地球科学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
John van den Hoff
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

A proportion of the southern elephant seal (Mirounga leonina) population that breeds in the Kerguelen Plateau region seasonally migrates between their natal sub-Antarctic islands and moult haul-out locations on the Antarctic coastline. Analyses of survey data collated for one moult location at the Vestfold Hills, East Antarctica, showed that there had been no appreciable change in the timing (phenology) of maximum seal arrivals between 1974 and 2022; however, the maximum number of seals moulting at that site had declined by ~90% over the same time interval. Spatial analyses showed rates of population change were survey area dependent, as seal numbers decreased most rapidly at haul-out areas closest to the permanently occupied Davis Station, suggesting that a relationship exists between seal numbers and human activities. The range of potential factors that contribute to population change for southern elephant seals moulting at the Vestfold Hills includes changes in status at primary source populations, one of which has not been surveyed since the 1990s, and species relocation. Should numbers of southern elephant seals in the Vestfold Hills continue to decrease at the current average rate of change (-7.78 seals/year) the species could vanish from the area by c. 2040.

南极洲东部维斯特福尔丘陵雄性南象海豹(Mirounga leonina Pinnipedia: Phocidae, Linnaeus, 1758)数量的减少(1957-2022年)
在凯尔盖朗高原地区繁殖的南象海豹(Mirounga leonina)种群中,有一部分会季节性地在其出生地亚南极岛屿和南极海岸线上的换羽地点之间迁徙。对南极洲东部维斯特福尔德丘陵(Vestfold Hills)一处蜕皮地点的调查数据进行的分析表明,1974 年至 2022 年期间,海豹到达最多的时间(物候学)没有明显变化;但是,在同一时间间隔内,在该地点蜕皮的海豹最多数量下降了约 90%。空间分析表明,海豹种群变化率与调查区域有关,在最靠近永久居住的戴维斯站的海豹集群区,海豹数量下降最快,这表明海豹数量与人类活动之间存在一定关系。导致在维斯福尔丘陵换羽的南象海豹种群数量变化的潜在因素包括主要来源种群的状态变化(其中一个种群自 20 世纪 90 年代以来就没有进行过调查)和物种迁移。如果维斯福尔德山的南象海豹数量以目前的平均变化率(-7.78 头/年)继续减少,到 2040 年左右,该物种可能会从该地区消失。
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来源期刊
Antarctic Science
Antarctic Science 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
3.60
自引率
6.20%
发文量
42
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Antarctic Science provides a truly international forum for the broad spread of studies that increasingly characterise scientific research in the Antarctic. Whilst emphasising interdisciplinary work, the journal publishes papers from environmental management to biodiversity, from volcanoes to icebergs, and from oceanography to the upper atmosphere. No other journal covers such a wide range of Antarctic scientific studies. The journal attracts papers from all countries currently undertaking Antarctic research. It publishes both review and data papers with no limits on length, two-page short notes on technical developments and recent discoveries, and book reviews. These, together with an editorial discussing broader aspects of science, provide a rich and varied mixture of items to interest researchers in all areas of science. There are no page charges, or charges for colour, to authors publishing in the Journal. One issue each year is normally devoted to a specific theme or papers from a major meeting.
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