Challenges and protective strategies on zinc anode toward practical aqueous zinc-ion batteries

Malek Al-Abbasi, Yanrui Zhao, Honggang He, Hui Liu, Huarong Xia, Tianxue Zhu, Kexuan Wang, Zhu Xu, Huibo Wang, Wei Zhang, Yuekun Lai, Mingzheng Ge
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Abstract

Over the past decades, there has been a growing interest in rechargeable aqueous Zn-ion batteries (AZIBs) as a viable substitute for lithium-ion batteries. This is primarily due to their low cost, lower redox potential, and high safety. Nevertheless, the progress of Zn metal anodes has been impeded by various challenges, including the growth of dendrites, corrosion, and hydrogen evolution reaction during repeated cycles that result in low Coulombic efficiency and a short lifetime. Therefore, we represent recent advances in Zn metal anode protection for constructing high-performance AZIBs. Besides, we show in-depth analyses and supposed hypotheses on the working mechanism of these issues associated with mildly acidic aqueous electrolytes. Meanwhile, design principles and feasible strategies are proposed to suppress dendrites' formation of Zn batteries, including electrode design, electrolyte modification, and interface regulation, which are suitable for restraining corrosion and hydrogen evolution reaction. Finally, the current challenges and future trends are raised to pave the way for the commercialization of AZIBs. These design principles and potential strategies are applicable in other metal-ion batteries, such as Li and K metal batteries.

Abstract Image

锌阳极走向实用水性锌离子电池的挑战和保护策略
过去几十年来,人们对可充电水性锌离子电池(AZIBs)作为锂离子电池可行替代品的兴趣与日俱增。这主要得益于其低成本、较低的氧化还原电位和高安全性。然而,锌金属阳极的发展一直受到各种挑战的阻碍,包括枝晶的生长、腐蚀以及反复循环过程中的氢进化反应,这些都导致库仑效率低、寿命短。因此,我们介绍了用于构建高性能 AZIB 的锌金属阳极保护的最新进展。此外,我们还对这些与弱酸性水电解质有关的问题的工作机制进行了深入分析并提出了假设。同时,提出了抑制锌电池枝晶形成的设计原则和可行策略,包括电极设计、电解质改性和界面调控,以抑制腐蚀和氢演化反应。最后,提出了当前的挑战和未来的趋势,为 AZIB 的商业化铺平道路。这些设计原则和潜在策略适用于其他金属离子电池,如锂电池和钾金属电池。
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