Endotypes of occupational asthma.

IF 3 4区医学 Q2 ALLERGY

Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-30 DOI:10.1097/ACI.0000000000000969

Paola Mason, Marco Biasioli, Filippo Liviero

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose of review: To describe recent findings in endotyping occupational asthma by addressing the role of specific biomarkers.

Recent findings: Studies on occupational asthma endotypes have focused on immune and inflammatory patterns associated with different occupational exposures to sensitizers or irritants.Sputum neutrophilia has been found in 58.5% patients with occupational asthma caused by high molecular weight (HMW) agents, and work-related dysphonia in patients with occupational asthma was described as associated with sputum neutrophilia too. Neutrophils have been associated also with irritant-induced asthma. The measurement of specific IgE has been confirmed as a valuable diagnostic tool in occupational asthma caused by HMW agents, on the contrary, for most low-molecular-weight agents, the presence of specific IgE has been proven in a small subset of affected workers. Fractional exhaled nitric oxide has been confirmed as a marker of type 2 (T2) inflammation in occupational asthma, mostly when induced by HMW agents (e.g. flour), and it has proved to be more sensitive than spirometry in measuring the efficacy of an intervention.MicroRNA-155 has been shown to contribute to airway inflammation in occupational asthma induced by toluene diisocyanate.

Summary: Occupational asthma is heterogeneous, thus monitoring multiple biomarkers is crucial to understand, which inflammatory responses are prevalent.

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职业性哮喘的内型。

综述的目的：通过探讨特定生物标志物的作用，描述职业性哮喘内型的最新发现：58.5%的高分子量（HMW）制剂引起的职业性哮喘患者发现痰中性粒细胞增多，职业性哮喘患者的工作相关性发音障碍也与痰中性粒细胞增多有关。中性粒细胞也与刺激物诱发的哮喘有关。特异性 IgE 的测量已被证实是诊断高分子量制剂引起的职业性哮喘的重要工具，相反，对于大多数低分子量制剂，只有一小部分受影响的工人证实了特异性 IgE 的存在。分量呼出一氧化氮已被证实是职业性哮喘中 2 型（T2）炎症的标志物，主要是在高分子量制剂（如面粉）诱发的情况下。微RNA-155已被证明对甲苯二异氰酸酯诱发的职业性哮喘的气道炎症有促进作用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology 医学-过敏

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

3.60%

发文量

109

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： This reader-friendly, bimonthly resource provides a powerful, broad-based perspective on the most important advances from throughout the world literature. Featuring renowned guest editors and focusing exclusively on one to three topics, every issue of Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology delivers unvarnished, expert assessments of developments from the previous year. Insightful editorials and on-the-mark invited reviews cover key subjects such as upper airway disease; mechanisms of allergy and adult asthma; paediatric asthma and development of atopy; food and drug allergies; and immunotherapy.