Despicable role of epithelial–mesenchymal transition in breast cancer metastasis: Exhibiting de novo restorative regimens

Cancer pathogenesis and therapy Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1016/j.cpt.2024.01.001

Paras Famta , Saurabh Shah , Biswajit Dey , Kondasingh Charan Kumar , Deepkumar Bagasariya , Ganesh Vambhurkar , Giriraj Pandey , Anamika Sharma , Dadi A. Srinivasarao , Rahul Kumar , Santosh Kumar Guru , Rajeev Singh Raghuvanshi , Saurabh Srivastava

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Abstract

Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent cancer in women globally. Anti-cancer advancements have enabled the killing of BC cells through various therapies; however, cancer relapse is still a major limitation and decreases patient survival and quality of life. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is responsible for tumor relapse in several cancers. This highly regulated event causes phenotypic, genetic, and epigenetic changes in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This review summarizes the recent advancements regarding EMT using de-differentiation and partial EMT theories. We extensively review the mechanistic pathways, TME components, and various anti-cancer adjuvant and neo-adjuvant therapies responsible for triggering EMT in BC tumors. Information regarding essential clinical studies and trials is also discussed. Furthermore, we also highlight the recent strategies targeting various EMT pathways. This review provides a holistic picture of BC biology, molecular pathways, and recent advances in therapeutic strategies.

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上皮-间质转化在乳腺癌转移中的卑劣作用：展示全新的修复方案

乳腺癌（BC）是全球女性中最常见的癌症。抗癌的进步使得通过各种疗法杀死BC细胞成为可能；然而，癌症复发仍然是一个主要的限制，降低患者的生存和生活质量。上皮-间质转化（EMT）是几种癌症复发的原因。这种高度调控的事件导致肿瘤微环境（TME）的表型、遗传和表观遗传变化。本文综述了用去分化和部分EMT理论研究EMT的最新进展。我们广泛地回顾了在BC肿瘤中触发EMT的机制途径、TME成分以及各种抗癌辅助和新辅助疗法。关于基本临床研究和试验的信息也进行了讨论。此外，我们还强调了针对各种EMT途径的最新策略。本文综述了BC的生物学、分子途径和治疗策略的最新进展。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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