Prevalence And Distribution Pattern Of Dilacerated Tooth Among Orthodontic Patients Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography: A Prospective Multicenter Study.

Abstract

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to ascertain the prevalence, distribution pattern, and root shape of dilaceration for each type of tooth, and to examine the association between dilaceration and gender. Material and Methods: The study was carried out at multiple centers- College of Dentistry at Hawler Medical University, Azadi Dental Center and Khanzad Teaching Center in Erbil City, from 2019-2023. 1420 patients received treatment and were assessed, of which 389 individuals (age range 17-45 years) satisfied the inclusion criteria. Among these, 143 were males (36.8%), 246 were females (63.2%). Three orthodontists conducted clinical examinations using standard diagnostic techniques. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) was utilized to determine the location of root deviation, whether it was in the apical, middle, or coronal third of the root. Results: Statistical analyses employed Pearson's chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. The occurrence of root dilacerations in the jaw was highest in the third molars (79.5%), followed by first molars (6.8%), second molars (6.8%), and second premolars (6.8%). Root dilacerations were most prevalent in the lateral incisors (40.2%) within the maxilla, followed by the canine (26.1%) and central incisors (14.1%). Females had a higher prevalence of tooth dilacerations compared to males. The majority of dilacerations occurred at the apical region (66.1%), with the middle region accounting for 30.6% and the coronal region accounting for 3.3%. Conclusion: Based on these findings, it is advised that orthodontists conduct a thorough examination of dilacerated teeth during orthodontic treatments. CBCT can serve as a supplementary technique for identifying the arrangement of root dilaceration. Our findings highlight the significance of doing a diagnostic radiographic evaluation prior to devising a treatment plan for permanent teeth.