Envenomation by Eyelash Viper Bothriechis schlegelii (Berthold, 1846) in Southwestern Colombia

Carlos A. Cañas, Valeria Erazo-Martínez, Valentina Pérez-Uribe, Santiago Castaño-Valencia, Fernando Castro-Herrera
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Abstract

Bothriechis schlegelii is a Crotaline viperid species of Central America and Northern South America. The characteristics of its envenomation have not been well established. We present clinical characteristics of human cases evaluated and treated in a hospital in southwestern Colombia. We evaluated data from patients who suffered Bothriechis schlegelii envenomation and were seen at Fundación Valle del Lili Hospital, Cali, Colombia between 2011 and 2022. Eight patients were included, with a median age of 24 years. Snakebites occurred in rural areas. Six (75%) patients were bitten on the upper extremities in relation to the arboreal habits of this animal. The most common symptoms were pain and edema ( N = 8, 100%), ecchymoses ( N = 2, 25%), and paresthesia ( N = 2, 25%). The most common systemic findings were hypofibrinogenemia ( N = 8, 100%) and prolonged prothrombin time in five patients ( N = 5, 62.5%). All were treated with polyvalent antivenom for Colombian snakes, with a good response and outcome. Most bite sites from B. schlegelii were on the upper limbs. All patients had both local manifestations, including edema, pain, and systemic effects with hypofibrinogenemia, but none had systemic bleeding. Every patient received antivenom and had favorable outcomes.
哥伦比亚西南部的睫毛蝰(Bothriechis schlegelii)(Berthold,1846 年)造成的环境污染
Bothriechis schlegelii 是中美洲和南美洲北部的一种蝰蛇。它的致毒特征尚未得到很好的确定。我们介绍了哥伦比亚西南部一家医院评估和治疗的人类病例的临床特征。我们评估了 2011 年至 2022 年期间在哥伦比亚卡利 Valle del Lili 基金会医院就诊的 Bothriechis schlegelii 被咬伤患者的数据。共纳入八名患者,中位年龄为 24 岁。蛇咬伤发生在农村地区。六名患者(75%)的上肢被蛇咬伤,这与蛇的树栖习性有关。最常见的症状是疼痛和水肿(8例,100%)、瘀斑(2例,25%)和麻痹(2例,25%)。最常见的全身症状是低纤维蛋白原血症(8 例,100%),5 例患者凝血酶原时间延长(5 例,62.5%)。所有患者均接受了哥伦比亚蛇多价抗蛇毒血清治疗,反应良好,疗效显著。被蛇咬伤的部位大多在上肢。所有患者都有局部表现,包括水肿、疼痛和低纤维蛋白原血症等全身症状,但没有人全身出血。每位患者都接受了抗蛇毒血清治疗,并取得了良好的疗效。
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