Ethanolic Stem-Bark Extract of Blighia unijugata Possesses Anti-Hyperglycemic and Anti-Hyperlipidemic Activity in a Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes Model

Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics Pub Date : 2024-01-15 DOI:10.22270/jddt.v14i1.6369

Hope K Fiadjoe, G. Koffuor

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Abstract

Introduction: The global rise in the incidence of diabetes mellitus, particularly type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and its associated complications have become a public health threat. Besides hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia has been associated with diabetes due to the defect in insulin secretion and/or action. Medicinal plants are being investigated to discover drug alternatives with better efficacies, lesser adverse effects, and cost-effectiveness. This work investigated the anti-hyperglycemic and anti-hyperlipidemic activity of ethanolic stem bark extract of Blighia unijugata (EBU) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic Sprague- Dawley (SD) rats. Method: T2DM was induced in male SD rats by a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (50 mg/kg in 0.1 M citrate buffer, pH 4.5) and confirmed 72 hours later. EBU (100 and 200 mg/kg) and glibenclamide (5 mg/kg) were administered orally to the diabetic rats (n = 5) for 28 days. The effect of the treatments on fasting blood glucose (FBG), lipid profile, atherogenic predictor indices, and body weight were assessed. Results: EBU treatments significantly reduced (p≤0.001) elevated blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and Very Low-Density Lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-c, p≤0.001) but increased High-Density Lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL, p≤0.05) compared to the diabetic control. Also, all the atherogenic risk predictor indices were significantly reduced (p≤0.001). In addition, EBU treatment mitigated the significant weight loss (p≤0.01) associated with the diabetic state when compared to the normal control. Conclusion: These findings first report the anti-hyperglycemic, anti-hyperlipidemic, and anti-atherogenic properties of the stem bark of ethanolic extract of Blighia unijugata, and can be further studied and used as an anti-diabetic and anti-hyperlipidemic agent. Keywords: Blighia unijugata; hyperglycemia; atherogenic index; hyperlipidemia; diabetes

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Blighia unijugata 的茎皮乙醇提取物在链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病模型中具有抗高血糖和抗高血脂活性

导言：全球糖尿病，尤其是 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）发病率的上升及其相关并发症已成为公共健康的威胁。除高血糖外，由于胰岛素分泌和/或作用的缺陷，高脂血症也与糖尿病有关。目前正在对药用植物进行研究，以发现疗效更好、不良反应更少、成本效益更高的药物替代品。这项工作研究的是 Blighia unijugata（EBU）茎皮乙醇提取物在链脲佐菌素（STZ）诱导的糖尿病 Sprague- Dawley（SD）大鼠中的抗高血糖和抗高血脂活性。研究方法给雄性 SD 大鼠腹腔注射一次 STZ（50 毫克/千克，0.1 兆柠檬酸缓冲液，pH 值为 4.5），诱发 T2DM，72 小时后确认。给糖尿病大鼠（n = 5）口服 EBU（100 和 200 mg/kg）和格列本脲（5 mg/kg）28 天。评估治疗对空腹血糖（FBG）、血脂概况、动脉粥样硬化预测指数和体重的影响。结果与糖尿病对照组相比，EBU 治疗能明显降低（p≤0.001）升高的血糖、总胆固醇、甘油三酯和极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（VLDL-c，p≤0.001），但能增加高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL，p≤0.05）。同时，所有动脉粥样硬化风险预测指数均显著降低（p≤0.001）。此外，与正常对照组相比，EBU 治疗减轻了与糖尿病状态相关的显著体重减轻（p≤0.01）。结论这些研究结果首次报道了白花蛇舌草乙醇提取物茎皮的抗高血糖、抗高血脂和抗动脉粥样硬化特性，可作为抗糖尿病和抗高血脂药物进一步研究和使用。关键词白花蛇舌草；高血糖；动脉粥样硬化指数；高脂血症；糖尿病

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Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics

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