Epithelioid Hemangioma Masquerading as Traumatic Lesion: A Rare Case Report with Diagnostic Workup

Abstract

Wells and Whemser first identified epithelioid hemangioma (EH) as angiolymphoid hyperplasia in 1969. It is a rare type of vascular tumor that primarily affects men in their middle ages. Typically, it appears as a single or few reddish-to-brown nodules. EHs of the oral cavity have only seldom been reported up to this point. Histologically, it is distinguished by lobular vessel configuration, tombstone-like epithelioid cells lining the vessel wall, and a persistent inflammatory infiltration predominately made up of eosinophils. Although the terms EH and epithelioid hemangioendothelioma are sometimes confused, the two are distinct based on histopathology and a number of immunohistochemistry (IHC) markers, including high Ki67 index and ERG positivity observed later. Local trauma to a nearby vessel may be one of the etiopathogeneses for this entity. This is a rare case report of EH that was identified with the use of a panel of IHC markers and hematoxylin and eosin histology.