How Social Discrimination and Housing (Un) Affordability Causes Gender-Expansive Homelessness and Policy Recommendations to Ensure that Everyone is Housed

Abstract

Transgender, gender non-binary and gender-questioning people (gender-expansive) in the United States are more likely than their cisgender counterparts to experience housing precarity and homelessness. While this results from discrimination that limits our access to economic, social and political capital, it also results from a massive gap in the amount of affordable and adequate permanent housing available to all low-income members of our society. When people are inevitably unable to exceed these barriers to rent or own permanent housing, they rely on the emergency shelter system. Despite a diligent and attentive emergency shelter workforce as well as abundant evidence demonstrating that emergency housing can help stabilize mental health, physical health and financial challenges, there is a systemic lack of funding to keep up with the need for emergency shelter beds. Compounded with incomplete antidiscrimination rules, the emergency shelter system does not serve the needs of low-income, gender-expansive people.