The Early Devonian Xitun Vertebrate Fauna in South China inhabited a shallow marine environment with changing salinity

Jiachen Cai, Haoran Sun, Wenjin Zhao, Jianhua Wang, Min Zhu
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Abstract

The Early Devonian Xitun Vertebrate Fauna, represented by early members of crown sarcopterygians such as Youngolepis , Diabolepis , Psarolepis , Achoania , and Styloichthys , is mainly hosted in the Xitun Formation in Qujing area, East Yunnan of China. Despite numerous research articles describing taxa from this famous Lochkovian fauna and its sedimentary and tectonic environments, there is no objective and coherent interpretation of the palaeoenvironment in which these early vertebrates lived. Based on detailed field geological investigation in recent years in the surrounding areas of Qujing City and measurements from the Xitun Formation section, this paper focuses on the analysis of some geochemistry indices of major, trace, and rare earth elements to accurately elucidate the sedimentary environment of the Xitun Formation and deepen our understanding on the relationship between Early Devonian fishes and the environment. The analyses of the sensitive geochemistry indices of depositional and tectonic settings, sedimentary provenance, weathering, palaeoclimate, palaeosalinity, and palaeoredox conditions indicate that the Lower Devonian Xitun Formation in East Yunnan was mainly deposited in a shallow marine setting with three phases of seawater-freshwater influx under a warm and humid climate, and a stable, oxygen-rich condition, which promoted the flourishing of Early Devonian marine fishes . Thematic collection: This article is part of the Chemical Evolution of the Mid-Paleozoic Earth System and Biotic Response collection available at: https://www.lyellcollection.org/topic/collections/chemical-evolution-of-the-mid-paleozoic-earth-system Supplementary material: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.7020642
华南早泥盆世西屯脊椎动物群生活在盐度不断变化的浅海环境中
早泥盆世西屯脊椎动物群主要赋存于中国云南曲靖东部的西屯地层中,以Youngolepis、Diabolepis、Psarolepis、Achoania和Styloichthys等冠状石龙类早期成员为代表。尽管有大量研究文章描述了这一著名的洛克维动物群的类群及其沉积和构造环境,但对这些早期脊椎动物生活的古环境却没有客观和一致的解释。本文在近年来对曲靖市周边地区进行的详细野外地质调查和西屯地层剖面测量的基础上,重点分析了一些主要元素、微量元素和稀土元素的地球化学指标,以准确地阐明西屯地层的沉积环境,加深对早泥盆世鱼类与环境关系的认识。通过对沉积和构造环境、沉积产地、风化作用、古气候、古盐度和古氧化还原条件等敏感地球化学指标的分析表明,滇东下泥盆统西屯地层主要沉积于浅海环境中,在温暖湿润的气候条件下,海水-淡水三期涌入,富氧条件稳定,促进了早泥盆世海洋鱼类的繁衍生息。 专题文集:本文是中古生代地球系统化学演化与生物响应文集的一部分,可在以下网址查阅: https://www.lyellcollection.org/topic/collections/chemical-evolution-of-the-mid-paleozoic-earth-system 补充材料: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.7020642
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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