EFIKASI PEMBERIAN SUSU KACANG KEDELAI HITAM (Glycine soja) TERHADAP KADAR KOLESTEROL TOTAL LANSIA

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackground: Hypercholesterolemia is one of the risk factors of coronary heart disease. Antioxidants in black soy milk are known to lower total cholesterol levels. Those antioxidants are isoflavone and lecithin.Objective: The objective of this study is to determine the effect of black soy milk provision on total cholesterol levels in elderly.Methods: This study was quasi experimental with one group intervention pre-post test without control design. This study was conducted at Unit Pelaksana Teknis (UPT) Rumah Pelayanan Sosial Lanjut Usia Budhi Dharma, Yogyakarta, in 2020. As many as 18 respondents taken by purposive sampling method in accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criterias. The intervention given was providing 250 ml of black soy milk in a day for 7 days. Total cholesterol levels measured using the easy touch. Data was statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon test.Results: The mean of cholesterol level in pre-intervention was 222,22 mg/dl, while in post-intervention was 206,33 mg/dl. There was a reduction in cholesterol levels of 15,89 mg/dl during the intervention of the provision of black soybean milk. The result of statistical analysis using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test showed a value of p=0,045 (p<0,05).Conclusion: The provision of black soy milk significantly effects on the decreasing of total cholesterol levels in elderly.Keywords: Black soy (Glycine soja); elderly; hypercholesterolemiaABSTRAKLatar belakang: Hiperkolesterolemia merupakan salah satu faktor risiko penyakit jantung koroner. Antioksidan dalam susu kedelai hitam diketahui dapat menurunkan kadar kolesterol total. Antioksidan tersebut adalah isoflavon dan lesitin.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian susu kedelai hitam terhadap kadar kolesterol total pada lansia.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian quasi eksperimen dengan rancangan satu kelompok intervensi pre-post test tanpa kontrol. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Unit Pelaksana Teknis (UPT) Rumah Pelayanan Sosial Lanjut Usia Budhi Dharma Yogyakarta pada tahun 2020. Sebanyak 18 responden diambil dengan metode purposive sampling sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Intervensi yang diberikan adalah pemberian susu kedelai hitam sebanyak 250 ml dalam sehari selama 7 hari. Kadar kolesterol total diukur menggunakan easy touch. Data dianalisis statistik menggunakan uji Wilcoxon.Hasil: Rata-rata kadar kolesterol pre-intervensi sebesar 222,22 mg/dl, sedangkan post-intervensi sebesar 206,33 mg/dl. Terjadi penurunan kadar kolesterol sebesar 15,89 mg/dl selama intervensi pemberian susu kacang kedelai hitam. Hasil analisis statistik menggunakan uji Wilcoxon signed-ranks menunjukkan nilai p=0,045 (p<0,05).Simpulan: Pemberian susu kedelai hitam berpengaruh nyata terhadap penurunan kadar kolesterol total pada lansia.Kata kunci: Hiperkolesterolemia; kedelai hitam (Glycine soja); lansia.