Early Diagnosis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Smokers Using Spirometry

Community Based Medical Journal Pub Date : 2024-01-24 DOI:10.3329/cbmj.v13i1.71079

Rifat Sharmin, Md Mahbubur Rahman, Shamima Akter

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Abstract

A cross-sectional, observational study was done in the Pulmonology Department of Combined Military Hospital (CMH) Dhaka Cantonment, Bangladesh, from September 2016 to February 2017, to explore the role of spirometry in the early detection of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) among smokers. A total of 70 participants were selected. After taking the detail history, spirometry and chest x-ray were done. The correlation between smoking and COPD was determined. Among the total respondents 44%, 40% and 15.7% had 10-15, 15-20 and >20 pack-year smoking history respectively. Forced expiratory volume in one second/Forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) among these three groups of smokers were found 90%/91%, 77%/89%, and 58.4%/88% respectively. Among the participants, 20% had a change in chest X-ray and 23 (32.85%) of respondents had COPD. Among those 23 participants, 13 (18.57%) suffered from mild, 6 (8.57%) suffered from moderate, 3 (4.28%) suffered from severe, and 1 (1.43%) suffered from a very severe level of airway obstruction. Our results suggest that spirometry can be a valuable tool for the early diagnosis of COPD among smokers. Though it was found as a promising option in a small-scale study, further evaluation is necessary through a population screening to confirm its effectiveness. CBMJ 2024 January: vol. 13 no. 01 P: 53-59

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使用肺活量测定法早期诊断吸烟者的慢性阻塞性肺病

2016 年 9 月至 2017 年 2 月，孟加拉国达卡军区联合医院（CMH）肺病科开展了一项横断面观察性研究，探讨肺活量测定在早期发现吸烟者慢性阻塞性肺病（COPD）中的作用。研究共选取了 70 名参与者。在详细询问病史后，进行了肺活量测定和胸部 X 光检查。确定了吸烟与慢性阻塞性肺病之间的相关性。在所有受访者中，分别有 44%、40% 和 15.7% 有 10-15 年、15-20 年和大于 20 包的吸烟史。这三类吸烟者的一秒钟用力呼气量/用力呼吸量（FEV1/FVC）分别为 90%/91%、77%/89% 和 58.4%/88%。在参与者中，20% 的人胸部 X 光片有变化，23 人（32.85%）患有慢性阻塞性肺病。在这 23 名参与者中，13 人（18.57%）患有轻度、6 人（8.57%）患有中度、3 人（4.28%）患有重度、1 人（1.43%）患有极重度气道阻塞。我们的研究结果表明，肺活量测定法是吸烟者早期诊断慢性阻塞性肺病的重要工具。尽管在一项小规模研究中，肺活量测定被认为是一种很有前景的选择，但仍有必要通过人群筛查进行进一步评估，以确认其有效性。 CBMJ 2024年1月：第13卷第01期 P: 53-59

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Community Based Medical Journal

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