Relationship between parity and history of hypertension with MEOWS score in early onset severe preeclampsia patients

Abstract

Introduction: Parity and a history of hypertension are some of the highest risk factors for severe preeclampsia, especially early onset. The severity of recurrent preeclampsia will increase compared to preeclampsia in the first pregnancy. Although there is a correlation between chronic hypertension and unfavorable pregnancy outcomes, several case-control studies have consistently shown that chronic hypertension is the most often acknowledged risk factor for adverse events affecting both the mother and the fetus. Women with the risk factors above can potentially fall into bad conditions, so close monitoring must be carried out. Modified Early Obstetric Warning System (MEOWS) is used for early detection, care, treatment, and referral of changes in obstetric patient parameters that are leading to worsening. Objective: Analyze the relationship between parity and history of hypertension with MEOWS scores in early-onset severe preeclampsia patients. Methods: A cross-sectional approach was used in this study by involving 63 patients. The population was early-onset severe preeclampsia patients treated at Dr. Soetomo Regional Public Hospital Surabaya Indonesia 2022; the sampling technique used was total sampling. This data was collected using secondary data from medical records and analyzed statistically using bivariate test, specifically the chi-square test using SPSS software. Results: The majority of patients were of reproductive age (73%), the gestational age was predominantly in the very preterm (28-<32 weeks) category (49.2%), the most obstetric status was multigravida (77.8 ), and most patients had no history of hypertension (66.7%). The average MEOWS score in early-onset PEB patients was 8.11. Parity vs MEOWS score (p>0.05), while the history of hypertension vs MEOWS score (p<0.05). Conclusion: Parity and MEOWS score did not have a significant relationship, while the history of hypertension had a significant relationship with MEOWS score.