Middle Miocene (Chokrakian, Karaganian) depositional environments of the Eastern Paratethys Sea in the southern Caspian Basin (Mazandaran Province, northern Iran)

IF 1.8 3区 地球科学 Q3 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Mathias Harzhauser, Matthias Kranner, Oleg Mandic, Jahanbakhsh Daneshian, Fezeh Asgharian, Tayebeh Mohtat, Mandana Peresson, Christian Benold, Werner E. Piller
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Abstract

We present a detailed description of the Middle Miocene (Chokrakian and Karaganian) depositional environments of the Eastern Paratethys Sea in the southern Caspian Basin. The Chokrakian comprises a 500-m-thick succession of marls and sandstones, termed herein Javarem Formation, which formed in coastal marine environments. The lower Javarem Fm. Developed in calm lagoonal settings, indicating frequent exposure under a predominantly dry climate and occasional formation of evaporites. The upper part of the Javarem Fm. Is characterized by mixed siliciclastic-carbonatic sediments with ooids of agitated, warm, hypersaline tidal shoals. Above follows the about 500-m-thick Vashi Formation, which is correlated with the Karaganian regional stage. The formation is characterized by an alternation of reddish marls with thick sandstones and gravel beds with terrestrial gastropods, ubiquitous pedogenetic features and occasional root horizons. The depositional environment is interpreted as a floodplain with gravelly channels of an arid to semiarid climate. The successions of the Javarem and Vashi formations capture the transition from the shallow marine Iranian shelf into the northern Iranian coastal plain around 13.8 Ma, following the onset of the Miocene Climate Transition and the coinciding global sea level drop around the Langhian/Serravallian boundary.

Graphical abstract

Abstract Image

里海盆地南部东帕拉蒂西海(伊朗北部马赞达兰省)的中新世(乔克拉基、卡拉干达)沉积环境
我们详细描述了里海盆地南部东帕拉蒂西海的中新世(乔克拉基和卡拉干达)沉积环境。Chokrakian 由厚达 500 米的泥灰岩和砂岩组成,此处称为 Javarem Formation,形成于沿海海洋环境中。下贾瓦雷姆地层在平静的泻湖环境中发育,表明在主要干燥的气候条件下经常出现,并偶尔形成蒸发岩。贾瓦雷姆地层的上部其特征是硅质碎屑岩-碳酸盐混合沉积物,带有搅拌过的、温暖的、高盐度潮汐滩涂的敖包。上面是厚约 500 米的瓦希地层,与卡拉干达地区阶段相关。该地层的特点是淡红色泥灰岩与厚砂岩和砾石层交替出现,并伴有陆生腹足类动物、无处不在的成因特征和偶尔出现的根系地层。沉积环境被解释为干旱至半干旱气候下带有砾石河道的洪泛平原。贾瓦雷姆地层和瓦希地层的演替捕捉到了 13.8 Ma 前后伊朗浅海大陆架向伊朗北部沿海平原的过渡,这一时期正值中新世气候转变开始,同时全球海平面在 Langhian/Serravallian 边界附近下降。
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来源期刊
International Journal of Earth Sciences
International Journal of Earth Sciences 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
4.60
自引率
4.30%
发文量
120
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Earth Sciences publishes process-oriented original and review papers on the history of the earth, including - Dynamics of the lithosphere - Tectonics and volcanology - Sedimentology - Evolution of life - Marine and continental ecosystems - Global dynamics of physicochemical cycles - Mineral deposits and hydrocarbons - Surface processes.
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