Prospects of equitable and sustainable seaweed aquaculture: a case study of changing gender and socio-economic relations in Maullín, Chile

IF 2.2 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES
Gloria L. Gallardo Fernández, Marcela Avila, Fred Saunders, Ricardo Riquelme, Daniel Rodriguez, Gesica Aroca, Juan Gutierrez
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Abstract

This article examines the development of marine tenure in the Maullín River, Chile. It starts with the emergence of artisanal red algae (Gracilaria chilensis) gathering and the changes resulting from the governmental ad hoc allocation of small-scale aquaculture concessions. We aim to track this transition, its drivers, effects on the work organization, gender relations, market relations and the sustainability/equity challenges currently confronting the community. We use a feminist political ecology approach to direct our multi-method data collection strategy and to analyse the empirical material. The State by enabling local tenure for the development of marine aquaculture concessions played an influential role in Maullín community attaining de facto territorial tenure. This led to the establishment of residential aquaculture communities while facilitating the integration of women in aquaculture activities. We see both steps as positive economic and social development opportunities in Maullín. While marine tenure has provided livelihood chances, low prices caused by the producers’ disadvantaged market position and the lack of supportive alliance building pose ongoing problems. We conclude that these factors are serious challenges to the sustainability of aquacultural livelihoods at Maullín River. While the case depicts aspects of women’s empowerment such as their engagement in developing potential post-production innovation ideas, entrepreneurial abilities to conduct market transactions as well as their better competence in literacy, math and financial expertise, there is still a long way to reach gender equality in the male-dominated aquacultural sector.

Abstract Image

公平和可持续海藻养殖的前景:智利 Maullín 不断变化的性别和社会经济关系案例研究
本文探讨了智利毛林河海洋保有权的发展。文章从手工红藻(Gracilaria chilensis)采集的出现以及政府临时分配小规模水产养殖特许权所带来的变化开始。我们旨在追踪这一转变、其驱动因素、对工作组织的影响、性别关系、市场关系以及社区目前面临的可持续性/公平性挑战。我们采用女权主义政治生态学方法来指导我们的多方法数据收集策略,并对经验材料进行分析。国家为发展海洋水产养殖特许权赋予地方使用权,在毛林社区获得事实上的领土使用权方面发挥了有影响力的作用。这导致建立了水产养殖居民社区,同时促进了妇女参与水产养殖活动。我们认为这两个步骤都为毛林带来了积极的经济和社会发展机遇。虽然海洋保有权提供了谋生机会,但生产者在市场上的不利地位造成的低价格以及缺乏支持性联盟建设,仍是持续存在的问题。我们的结论是,这些因素对毛林河水产养殖生计的可持续性构成了严峻挑战。虽然该案例描述了妇女赋权的方方面面,如她们参与开发潜在的产后创新想法、进行市场交易的创业能力,以及她们在识字、数学和金融专业知识方面更强的能力,但在男性占主导地位的水产养殖业中,要实现性别平等仍有很长的路要走。
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来源期刊
Maritime Studies
Maritime Studies ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES-
CiteScore
4.90
自引率
11.80%
发文量
37
期刊介绍: Maritime Studies is an international peer-reviewed journal on the social dimensions of coastal and marine issues throughout the world. The journal is a venue for theoretical and empirical research relevant to a wide range of academic social science disciplines, including anthropology, sociology, geography, history and political science. Space is especially given to develop academic concepts and debate. We invite original research papers, reviews and viewpoints and welcome proposals for special issues that make a distinctive contribution to contemporary discussion around maritime and coastal use, development and governance. The journal provides a rigorous but constructive review process and rapid publication, and is accessible to new researchers, including postgraduate students and early career academics.
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