{"title":"X-ray-activated super long persistent ultraviolet A luminescence from Ca3(PO4)2: Ce3+","authors":"Shuya Wang, Wenzhi Sun, Tingting Zhao, Chunqing Fu, Xiaoyan Fu, Hongwu Zhang","doi":"10.1111/jace.19738","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this paper, X-ray-activated super long persistent ultraviolet A luminescence from Ca<sub>3</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>: Ce<sup>3+</sup> has been observed. The crystal structure analysis has shown that the as-prepared samples are pure β-Ca<sub>3</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> phases with rhombohedral structure and <i>R</i>3<i>c</i> space group. The photoluminescent spectra of the samples all consist of a broad band in 340–400 nm UVA1 region, which is assigned to the 5d<sup>1</sup>–4f<sup>1</sup> electronic transition of Ce<sup>3+</sup> ions. More important, under the 3 min X-ray irradiation, Ca<sub>3</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>: Ce<sup>3+</sup> show super long persistent luminescence in the UVA1 region, which can persist for more than 16 h. And its afterglow intensity after 16 h decay is still 4.10 times stronger of the back ground intensity. Furthermore, only 10 s X-ray irradiation can induce excellent long persistent UVA luminescence of Ca<sub>3</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>: 0.08Ce<sup>3+</sup>, which can persist for more than 5 h and afterglow emission intensity is about 3.03 times of the background intensity. The trap analysis has confirmed that the different X-ray irradiation time do not create new traps and there is the same trap with 0.75 eV trap depth existing even under the extremely low X-ray dose (10 s X-ray irradiation). Furthermore, under 10 s X-ray irradiation, the thermoluminescence (TL) intensity of Ca<sub>3</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>: 0.08Ce<sup>3+</sup> still reaches 0.32 times of the initial TL intensity even after 120 min, which thus leads to the super long persistent luminescence. Thus, the large amounts of trapped electrons induced by the high energy X-ray irradiation are the principal cause for super long persistent UVA luminescence of Ca<sub>3</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>: Ce<sup>3+</sup>.</p>","PeriodicalId":200,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Ceramic Society","volume":"107 6","pages":"4242-4251"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of the American Ceramic Society","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://ceramics.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jace.19738","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
In this paper, X-ray-activated super long persistent ultraviolet A luminescence from Ca3(PO4)2: Ce3+ has been observed. The crystal structure analysis has shown that the as-prepared samples are pure β-Ca3(PO4)2 phases with rhombohedral structure and R3c space group. The photoluminescent spectra of the samples all consist of a broad band in 340–400 nm UVA1 region, which is assigned to the 5d1–4f1 electronic transition of Ce3+ ions. More important, under the 3 min X-ray irradiation, Ca3(PO4)2: Ce3+ show super long persistent luminescence in the UVA1 region, which can persist for more than 16 h. And its afterglow intensity after 16 h decay is still 4.10 times stronger of the back ground intensity. Furthermore, only 10 s X-ray irradiation can induce excellent long persistent UVA luminescence of Ca3(PO4)2: 0.08Ce3+, which can persist for more than 5 h and afterglow emission intensity is about 3.03 times of the background intensity. The trap analysis has confirmed that the different X-ray irradiation time do not create new traps and there is the same trap with 0.75 eV trap depth existing even under the extremely low X-ray dose (10 s X-ray irradiation). Furthermore, under 10 s X-ray irradiation, the thermoluminescence (TL) intensity of Ca3(PO4)2: 0.08Ce3+ still reaches 0.32 times of the initial TL intensity even after 120 min, which thus leads to the super long persistent luminescence. Thus, the large amounts of trapped electrons induced by the high energy X-ray irradiation are the principal cause for super long persistent UVA luminescence of Ca3(PO4)2: Ce3+.
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The Journal of the American Ceramic Society contains records of original research that provide insight into or describe the science of ceramic and glass materials and composites based on ceramics and glasses. These papers include reports on discovery, characterization, and analysis of new inorganic, non-metallic materials; synthesis methods; phase relationships; processing approaches; microstructure-property relationships; and functionalities. Of great interest are works that support understanding founded on fundamental principles using experimental, theoretical, or computational methods or combinations of those approaches. All the published papers must be of enduring value and relevant to the science of ceramics and glasses or composites based on those materials.
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