Current Landscape of Gene Therapy for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Disorders.

IF 3.8 4区 医学 Q2 GENETICS & HEREDITY
Pranay Wal, Namra Aziz, Chetan Pratap Singh, Azhar Rasheed, Lalit Kumar Tyagi, Ankur Agrawal, Ankita Wal
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Abstract

Cardiovascular disorders (CVD) are the primary cause of death worldwide. Multiple factors have been accepted to cause cardiovascular diseases; among them, smoking, physical inactivity, unhealthy eating habits, age, and family history are flag-bearers. Individuals at risk of developing CVD are suggested to make drastic habitual changes as the primary intervention to prevent CVD; however, over time, the disease is bound to worsen. This is when secondary interventions come into play, including antihypertensive, anti-lipidemic, anti-anginal, and inotropic drugs. These drugs usually undergo surgical intervention in patients with a much higher risk of heart failure. These therapeutic agents increase the survival rate, decrease the severity of symptoms and the discomfort that comes with them, and increase the overall quality of life. However, most individuals succumb to this disease. None of these treatments address the molecular mechanism of the disease and hence are unable to halt the pathological worsening of the disease. Gene therapy offers a more efficient, potent, and important novel approach to counter the disease, as it has the potential to permanently eradicate the disease from the patients and even in the upcoming generations. However, this therapy is associated with significant risks and ethical considerations that pose noteworthy resistance. In this review, we discuss various methods of gene therapy for cardiovascular disorders and address the ethical conundrum surrounding it.

基因疗法治疗心血管疾病的现状。
心血管疾病(CVD)是导致全球死亡的主要原因。心血管疾病是由多种因素引起的,其中吸烟、缺乏运动、不健康的饮食习惯、年龄和家族史是主要因素。建议有患心血管疾病风险的人大幅改变生活习惯,作为预防心血管疾病的主要干预措施;然而,随着时间的推移,疾病必然会恶化。这时,二级干预措施开始发挥作用,包括抗高血压、抗血脂、抗心绞痛和肌力药物。这些药物通常会对心力衰竭风险更高的患者进行手术干预。这些治疗药物可提高存活率,减轻症状的严重程度和随之而来的不适感,并提高整体生活质量。然而,大多数人还是屈服于这种疾病。这些治疗方法都不能解决疾病的分子机制问题,因此无法阻止疾病的病理恶化。基因疗法提供了一种更有效、更强效、更重要的新方法来对抗这种疾病,因为它有可能从患者甚至下一代人身上永久根除这种疾病。然而,这种疗法存在着巨大的风险和伦理问题,带来了值得注意的阻力。在这篇综述中,我们将讨论基因疗法治疗心血管疾病的各种方法,并探讨与之相关的伦理难题。
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来源期刊
Current gene therapy
Current gene therapy 医学-遗传学
CiteScore
6.70
自引率
2.80%
发文量
46
期刊介绍: Current Gene Therapy is a bi-monthly peer-reviewed journal aimed at academic and industrial scientists with an interest in major topics concerning basic research and clinical applications of gene and cell therapy of diseases. Cell therapy manuscripts can also include application in diseases when cells have been genetically modified. Current Gene Therapy publishes full-length/mini reviews and original research on the latest developments in gene transfer and gene expression analysis, vector development, cellular genetic engineering, animal models and human clinical applications of gene and cell therapy for the treatment of diseases. Current Gene Therapy publishes reviews and original research containing experimental data on gene and cell therapy. The journal also includes manuscripts on technological advances, ethical and regulatory considerations of gene and cell therapy. Reviews should provide the reader with a comprehensive assessment of any area of experimental biology applied to molecular medicine that is not only of significance within a particular field of gene therapy and cell therapy but also of interest to investigators in other fields. Authors are encouraged to provide their own assessment and vision for future advances. Reviews are also welcome on late breaking discoveries on which substantial literature has not yet been amassed. Such reviews provide a forum for sharply focused topics of recent experimental investigations in gene therapy primarily to make these results accessible to both clinical and basic researchers. Manuscripts containing experimental data should be original data, not previously published.
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