Kanishk Aggarwal, Sri Pranvi Boyapati, Jayesh Valecha, Amna Noor, Fnu Kanwal, Rohit Jain, Sai Gautham Kanagala
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) results from gene mutations affecting cardiac sarcomeres and is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. With a prevalence of 1:200-1:500 in the general population, HCM is characterised by a hypertrophied and non-dilated left ventricle with predominant involvement of the interventricular septum. The myocardium's structural and intracellular factors, combined with triggers such as physical exertion, autonomic dysfunction, and ischemia, can lead to reentry events, and atrial and ventricular arrhythmias, including atrial fibrillation (AF) which is common among HCM patients. To manage the increased risk of mortality arising from congestive heart failure and thromboembolism, in patients with AF long-term anticoagulation and antiarrhythmic drugs are employed. HCM patients may also encounter supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias, such as nonsustained ventricular tachycardia and ventricular premature beats, which can potentially lead to sudden cardiac death and necessitate treatment with implanted defibrillators. Physicians must comprehensively analyse clinical, anatomical, hemodynamic, rhythmic, functional, and genetic characteristics to identify HCM patients at high risk of sudden death. This article aims to discuss the pathophysiology of arrhythmia in HCM and clinical recommendations for various ventricular and atrial fibrillation including catheter ablation and implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD).
期刊介绍:
Current Cardiology Reviews publishes frontier reviews of high quality on all the latest advances on the practical and clinical approach to the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular disease. All relevant areas are covered by the journal including arrhythmia, congestive heart failure, cardiomyopathy, congenital heart disease, drugs, methodology, pacing, and preventive cardiology. The journal is essential reading for all researchers and clinicians in cardiology.