Identification of a New Compound (4-Fluoro-2-Trifluoromethyl Imidazole) Extracted from a New Halophilic Bacillus aquimaris Strain Persiangulf TA2 Isolated from the Northern Persian Gulf with Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Effect.

IF 1.6 4区 生物学 Q4 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
Sara Taghavi, Effat Abbasi Montazeri, Roya Zekavati, Laleh Roomiani, Parvaneh Saffarian
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: The unique ecosystem of the Persian Gulf has made it a rich source of natural antimicrobial compounds produced by various microorganisms, especially bacteria, which can be used in the treatment of infectious diseases, especially those of drug-resistant microbes.

Objectives: This study aimed to identify antimicrobial compounds in the bacteria isolated from the northern region of the Persian Gulf in Abadan (Chavibdeh port), Iran, for the first time.

Materials and methods: Sampling was performed in the fall on November 15, 2019, from 10 different stations (water and sediment samples). The secondary metabolites of all isolates were extracted, and their antimicrobial effects were investigated. 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid sequencing was used for the identification of the strains that showed the best inhibition against selected pathogens, and growth conditions were optimized for them. A fermentation medium in a volume of 5000 mL was prepared to produce the antimicrobial compound by the superior strain. The extracted antimicrobial compounds were identified using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry technique. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined for the superior strain. The effects of salinity, pH, and temperature on the production of antimicrobial compounds were determined by measuring the inhibitory region (mm) of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).

Results: Four new strains with antimicrobial properties (i.e., Halomonas sp. strain Persiangulf TA1, Bacillus aquimaris strain Persiangulf TA2, Salinicoccus roseus strain Persiangulf TA4, and Exiguobacterium profundum strain Persiangulf TA9) were identified. The optimum growth temperatures were determined at 37-30, 37, and 40 °C for TA1 and TA2, TA4, and TA9 strains, respectively. The optimum pH values for the four strains were 7, 6-7, 7.5, and 6.5-7.5, respectively. The optimal salt concentrations for the four strains were 15%, 2.5-5%, 7.5%, and 5%, respectively. The ethyl acetate extract of strain Persiangulf TA2 showed extensive antimicrobial activity against human pathogens (75%) and MRSA. The most abundant compound identified in TA2 extract was the new compound 4-fluoro-2-trifluoromethyl imidazole. The MBC and MIC for the ethyl acetate extract of strain TA2 were 20 and 5 mg. mL-1 (Staphylococcus aureus), 40 and 20 mg. mL-1 (MRSA, Escherichia coli, and Enterococcus faecalis), 40 and 10 mg. mL-1 Acinetobacter baumannii), and 80 and 40 mg. mL-1 (Staphylococcus epidermidis, Shigella sp., Bacillus cereus, and Klebsiella pneumoniae), respectively. The optimal conditions for antibiotic production by TA2 strain were 5% salt concentration, pH of 7, and temperature of 35 °C.

Conclusion: Newly detected natural compounds in TA2 strain due to superior antimicrobial activity even against MRSA strain can be clinically valuable in pharmacy and treatment.

鉴定从波斯湾北部分离出的具有广谱抗菌作用的新型嗜卤水杆菌 Persiangulf TA2 菌株中提取的新化合物(4-氟-2-三氟甲基咪唑)。
背景:波斯湾独特的生态系统使其成为各种微生物(尤其是细菌)产生天然抗菌化合物的丰富来源,这些化合物可用于治疗传染病,尤其是耐药微生物:本研究旨在首次鉴定从伊朗阿巴丹(Chavibdeh 港)波斯湾北部地区分离的细菌中的抗菌化合物:取样工作于 2019 年 11 月 15 日秋季进行,取自 10 个不同的站点(水和沉积物样本)。提取了所有分离物的次级代谢物,并研究了其抗菌效果。利用 16S 核糖体核糖核酸测序鉴定了对所选病原体具有最佳抑制作用的菌株,并对其生长条件进行了优化。制备了容积为 5000 mL 的发酵培养基,由优势菌株生产抗菌化合物。利用气相色谱-质谱技术对提取的抗菌化合物进行鉴定。确定了优势菌株的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)和最低杀菌浓度(MBC)。通过测量耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)的抑菌区(mm),确定了盐度、pH 值和温度对抗菌化合物产生的影响:结果:发现了四株具有抗菌特性的新菌株(即 Halomonas sp. 菌株 Persiangulf TA1、Bacillus aquimaris 菌株 Persiangulf TA2、Salinicoccus roseus 菌株 Persiangulf TA4 和 Exiguobacterium profundum 菌株 Persiangulf TA9)。TA1 和 TA2、TA4 和 TA9 菌株的最适生长温度分别为 37-30、37 和 40 ℃。四种菌株的最适 pH 值分别为 7、6-7、7.5 和 6.5-7.5。四种菌株的最适盐浓度分别为 15%、2.5%-5%、7.5% 和 5%。Persiangulf TA2 菌株的乙酸乙酯提取物对人类病原体(75%)和 MRSA 具有广泛的抗菌活性。在 TA2 提取物中鉴定出的最丰富的化合物是新化合物 4-氟-2-三氟甲基咪唑。毫升-1(金黄色葡萄球菌)、40 毫克和 20 毫克-毫升-1(MRSA、大肠杆菌和粪肠球菌)、40 毫克和 10 毫克-毫升-1(鲍曼不动杆菌)以及 80 毫克和 40 毫克-毫升-1(表皮葡萄球菌、志贺氏菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌和克雷伯氏菌)、蜡样芽孢杆菌和肺炎克雷伯菌)。TA2菌株产生抗生素的最佳条件是盐浓度为5%、pH值为7、温度为35 °C:结论:TA2 菌株中新检测到的天然化合物即使对 MRSA 菌株也具有卓越的抗菌活性,因此在制药和治疗方面具有临床价值。
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来源期刊
Iranian Journal of Biotechnology
Iranian Journal of Biotechnology BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY-
CiteScore
2.60
自引率
7.70%
发文量
20
期刊介绍: Iranian Journal of Biotechnology (IJB) is published quarterly by the National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology. IJB publishes original scientific research papers in the broad area of Biotechnology such as, Agriculture, Animal and Marine Sciences, Basic Sciences, Bioinformatics, Biosafety and Bioethics, Environment, Industry and Mining and Medical Sciences.
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