{"title":"Evaluation of participating endowment life insurance policies in a stochastic environment","authors":"Ramin Eghbalzadeh, Patrice Gaillardetz, Frédéric Godin","doi":"10.1007/s13385-023-00373-1","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Participating life insurance contracts are policies that provide dividends (participation bonuses) based on the insurer’s financial performance. While these products are popular, there exists a gap in the literature for the analysis of these contracts under a stochastic setting. This paper fills this gap by proposing methods to (i) determine performance bonuses, (ii) compute the fair premium of the contract, and (iii) perform risk measurements for participating contracts in a realistic stochastic environment. The specific case of a fixed premium endowment participating contract, where the annual premium remains constant while benefits increase stochastically, is considered. We extend both the variable benefits life insurance approach of Bowers et al. [9] and the compound reversionary bonus mechanism presented in Booth et al. [8] and Bacinello [2] to a stochastic financial market (including stochastic interest rates) and stochastic mortality framework. Monte Carlo simulations provide insight about the sensitivity of premiums to contract specification and the evolution over time of both benefits and risks faced by the insurer.</p>","PeriodicalId":44305,"journal":{"name":"European Actuarial Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"European Actuarial Journal","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13385-023-00373-1","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"BUSINESS, FINANCE","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Participating life insurance contracts are policies that provide dividends (participation bonuses) based on the insurer’s financial performance. While these products are popular, there exists a gap in the literature for the analysis of these contracts under a stochastic setting. This paper fills this gap by proposing methods to (i) determine performance bonuses, (ii) compute the fair premium of the contract, and (iii) perform risk measurements for participating contracts in a realistic stochastic environment. The specific case of a fixed premium endowment participating contract, where the annual premium remains constant while benefits increase stochastically, is considered. We extend both the variable benefits life insurance approach of Bowers et al. [9] and the compound reversionary bonus mechanism presented in Booth et al. [8] and Bacinello [2] to a stochastic financial market (including stochastic interest rates) and stochastic mortality framework. Monte Carlo simulations provide insight about the sensitivity of premiums to contract specification and the evolution over time of both benefits and risks faced by the insurer.
期刊介绍：
Actuarial science and actuarial finance deal with the study, modeling and managing of insurance and related financial risks for which stochastic models and statistical methods are available. Topics include classical actuarial mathematics such as life and non-life insurance, pension funds, reinsurance, and also more recent areas of interest such as risk management, asset-and-liability management, solvency, catastrophe modeling, systematic changes in risk parameters, longevity, etc. EAJ is designed for the promotion and development of actuarial science and actuarial finance. For this, we publish original actuarial research papers, either theoretical or applied, with innovative applications, as well as case studies on the evaluation and implementation of new mathematical methods in insurance and actuarial finance. We also welcome survey papers on topics of recent interest in the field. EAJ is the successor of six national actuarial journals, and particularly focuses on links between actuarial theory and practice. In order to serve as a platform for this exchange, we also welcome discussions (typically from practitioners, with a length of 1-3 pages) on published papers that highlight the application aspects of the discussed paper. Such discussions can also suggest modifications of the studied problem which are of particular interest to actuarial practice. Thus, they can serve as motivation for further studies.Finally, EAJ now also publishes ‘Letters’, which are short papers (up to 5 pages) that have academic and/or practical relevance and consist of e.g. an interesting idea, insight, clarification or observation of a cross-connection that deserves publication, but is shorter than a usual research article. A detailed description or proposition of a new relevant research question, short but curious mathematical results that deserve the attention of the actuarial community as well as novel applications of mathematical and actuarial concepts are equally welcome. Letter submissions will be reviewed within 6 weeks, so that they provide an opportunity to get good and pertinent ideas published quickly, while the same refereeing standards as for other submissions apply. Both academics and practitioners are encouraged to contribute to this new format. Authors are invited to submit their papers online via http://euaj.edmgr.com.
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