The spatial patterning of emergency demand for police services: a scoping review

IF 3.1 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY
Samuel Langton, Stijn Ruiter, Linda Schoonmade
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This preregistered scoping review provides an account of studies which have examined the spatial patterning of emergency reactive police demand (ERPD) as measured by calls for service data. To date, the field has generated a wealth of information about the geographic concentration of calls for service, but the information remains unsynthesised and inaccessible to researchers and practitioners. We code our literature sample (N = 79) according to the types of demand studied, the spatial scales used, the theories adopted, the methods deployed and the findings reported. We find that most studies focus on crime-related call types using meso-level (e.g., neighborhood) spatial scales. Descriptive methods demonstrate the non-random distribution of calls, irrespective of their type, while correlational findings are mixed, providing minimal support for theories such as social disorganization theory. We conclude with suggestions for future research, focusing on how the field can better exploit open data sources to ‘scale-up’ analyses.

警察服务紧急需求的空间模式:范围审查
摘要 这份预先登记的范围综述介绍了通过服务呼叫数据衡量的紧急反应性警务需求(ERPD)的空间模式研究。迄今为止,该领域已经产生了大量关于出警地理集中度的信息,但这些信息仍未经过整合,研究人员和从业人员无法获取。我们根据研究的需求类型、使用的空间尺度、采用的理论、使用的方法和报告的结果对文献样本(N = 79)进行了编码。我们发现,大多数研究侧重于使用中层(如邻里)空间尺度的犯罪相关呼叫类型。描述性方法表明,无论来电类型如何,其分布都是非随机的,而相关性研究结果则好坏参半,对社会无组织理论等理论的支持微乎其微。最后,我们对未来的研究提出了建议,重点是该领域如何更好地利用开放数据源来 "扩大 "分析规模。
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来源期刊
Crime Science
Crime Science Social Sciences-Cultural Studies
CiteScore
11.90
自引率
8.20%
发文量
12
审稿时长
13 weeks
期刊介绍: Crime Science is an international, interdisciplinary, peer-reviewed journal with an applied focus. The journal''s main focus is on research articles and systematic reviews that reflect the growing cooperation among a variety of fields, including environmental criminology, economics, engineering, geography, public health, psychology, statistics and urban planning, on improving the detection, prevention and understanding of crime and disorder. Crime Science will publish theoretical articles that are relevant to the field, for example, approaches that integrate theories from different disciplines. The goal of the journal is to broaden the scientific base for the understanding, analysis and control of crime and disorder. It is aimed at researchers, practitioners and policy-makers with an interest in crime reduction. It will also publish short contributions on timely topics including crime patterns, technological advances for detection and prevention, and analytical techniques, and on the crime reduction applications of research from a wide range of fields. Crime Science publishes research articles, systematic reviews, short contributions and theoretical articles. While Crime Science uses the APA reference style, the journal welcomes submissions using alternative reference styles on a case-by-case basis.
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