Ultrafine particle emissions from dry clutches: number concentration, size distribution and chemical composition

IF 2.8 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental science: atmospheres Pub Date : 2023-11-21 DOI:10.1039/D3EA00127J

Rikard Hjelm, Yezhe Lyu, Alessandro Mancini, Bozhena Tsyupa, Minghui Tu, Ulf Olofsson and Jens Wahlström

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Abstract

Non-exhaust sources, such as brakes, tyres, roads, and clutches, emit a large portion of airborne particles in road transportation, from ultrafine to coarse sizes. While airborne wear particle emissions from brakes and road-tyre contacts have been studied extensively, emissions from clutches have been overlooked. A preliminary study using a novel test rig has indicated that dry clutches also emit airborne wear particles. This paper presents a multi-method for the assessment of ultrafine particles from dry clutches regarding the number concentration, size distribution and chemical composition. The results show that ultrafine particles are emitted both during run-in and at the steady state, featuring a bi-modal size distribution. Elementary analysis shows that the particles consist of several elements, predominately iron, silicon, and sulfur. It can be concluded from this study that ultrafine particles are always generated when the clutch is operated.

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干式离合器的超细颗粒排放：数量浓度、粒度分布和化学成分

在道路运输过程中，制动器、轮胎、道路和离合器等非排气源排放了很大一部分从超细到粗粒度的空气传播颗粒。虽然对制动器和路面-轮胎接触产生的气载磨损颗粒排放进行了广泛研究，但离合器产生的排放却被忽视了。一项使用新型测试设备进行的初步研究表明，干式离合器也会排放空气中的磨损颗粒。本文介绍了一种评估干式离合器超细颗粒数量浓度、尺寸分布和化学成分的多种方法。结果表明，超细颗粒在磨合期和稳定状态下都会排放，其大小分布呈双模式。基本分析表明，颗粒由多种元素组成，主要是铁、硅和硫。从这项研究中可以得出结论，离合器工作时总会产生超细颗粒。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Environmental science: atmospheres

CiteScore

2.90

自引率

0.00%

发文量