Characterization of Psychiatric Inpatients: The Role of Gender Differences in Clinical and Pharmacological Patterns.

IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q3 PSYCHIATRY
Isabella Berardelli, Andrea Aguglia, Andrea Amerio, Salvatore Sarubbi, Elena Rogante, Maria A Trocchia, Davide Zelletta, Ludovica Longhini, Denise Erbuto, Fabrizio Pastorino, Dorian A Lamis, Marco Innamorati, Gianluca Serafini, Maurizio Pompili
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Abstract

Background: Severe mental disorders that require hospitalization are disabling conditions that contribute to the burden of mental diseases. They pose increased clinical challenges and highlight the need to thoroughly explore variables emerging from daily clinical practice. In this study, we assessed to what extent gender differences may characterize a large population of psychiatric inpatients.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in 2 Italian teaching medical centers, which included 2358 patients who were consecutively admitted to the psychiatric emergency units. We explored and characterized gender differences for variables such as prevalence of psychiatric diagnosis, presence of suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, age at onset of psychiatric illness, presence of substance or alcohol abuse, length of stay, number of hospitalizations, presence of involuntary admission, type of discharge from the hospital, and pharmacological treatment at discharge.

Results: Female patients were primarily diagnosed with bipolar disorder or personality disorders. Female patients had a significantly higher prevalence of lifetime suicide attempts (23.1% vs. 16.5%, P<0.001) and a longer length of hospitalization (11.43±10.73 d vs. 10.52±10.37 d, t=-2.099, gl=2356, P=0.036) compared with male patients. Male patients had more involuntary admissions (25.1% vs. 19.7%, χ2=9.616, gl=1, P=0.002), more use of illicit substances (34.1% vs. 20.9%, χ2=51.084, gl=1, P<0.001), and higher rates of alcohol abuse (21.3% vs. 14.7%, χ2=17.182, gl=1, P<0.001) compared with female patients. Finally, antidepressants and lithium were prescribed more frequently to the female patients, whereas other mood stabilizers were more often prescribed to the male patients.

Conclusions: Our real-world results highlighted gender differences among patients with severe mental disorders admitted to psychiatric units, and suggest further investigations that may help in understanding trajectories accompanying disabling clinical conditions.

精神病住院患者的特征:性别差异在临床和药物治疗模式中的作用。
背景:需要住院治疗的严重精神障碍是一种致残性疾病,加重了精神疾病的负担。它们给临床带来了更大的挑战,并凸显了深入探究日常临床实践中出现的变量的必要性。在这项研究中,我们评估了大量精神病住院患者的性别差异特征:我们在意大利的两所教学医疗中心开展了一项横断面研究,研究对象包括连续入住精神科急诊室的 2358 名患者。我们探讨了精神病诊断率、是否有自杀意念、自杀未遂、精神病发病年龄、是否滥用药物或酒精、住院时间、住院次数、是否非自愿入院、出院类型以及出院时的药物治疗等变量的性别差异及其特征:女性患者主要被诊断为躁郁症或人格障碍。女性患者终生自杀未遂的比例明显更高(23.1% vs. 16.5%,PConclusions):我们在现实世界中的研究结果突显了入住精神科的严重精神障碍患者的性别差异,并建议开展进一步调查,以帮助了解伴随致残性临床症状的轨迹。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.30
自引率
10.50%
发文量
159
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Psychiatric Practice® seizes the day with its emphasis on the three Rs — readability, reliability, and relevance. Featuring an eye-catching style, the journal combines clinically applicable reviews, case studies, and articles on treatment advances with practical and informative tips for treating patients. Mental health professionals will want access to this review journal — for sharpening their clinical skills, discovering the best in treatment, and navigating this rapidly changing field. Journal of Psychiatric Practice combines clinically applicable reviews, case studies, and articles on treatment advances with informative "how to" tips for surviving in a managed care environment.
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