Genetic Diversity of Rickettsiae in Dermacentor spp. Ticks on the Territory of Western Siberia and Northern Kazakhstan

Pub Date : 2024-01-13 DOI:10.3103/s0891416823030102

V. I. Yakubovskij, Y. P. Igolkina, A. Y. Tikunov, V. V. Panov, V. V. Yakymenko, A. G. Zhabykpayeva, T. I. Epikhina, V. A. Rar

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Abstract

The aim of this research is to study the distribution, species diversity, and genetic variability of rickettsiae in Dermacentor spp. ticks from Western Siberia and Northern Kazakhstan. Thus, samples from 571 Dermacentor ticks (406 individuals of Dermacentor reticulatus, 136 Dermacentor nuttalli, 21 Dermacentor marginatus, and 8 Dermacentor silvarum) have been examined for the presence of Rickettsia spp. DNA using nested PCR. The rickettsial species have been determined by species-specific PCR and/or sequencing of gltA gene fragments. For a number of R. raoultii samples, the sequences of the ompA (3266 bp) and ompB (4852 bp) gene fragments have been additionally determined. The examined ticks carry DNA of four Rickettsia species and a new genotype Rickettsia spp. Kos-97-Dr, which cannot be assigned to any known species. All tick species are most commonly infected with R. raoultii; the infection rate varies from 47.0 to 86.8%. Rickettsia sibirica DNA has been found in 16.1–45.7% of D. nuttalli from three sites in the Republic of Altai. DNAs of Rickettsia aeschlimannii, Rickettsia aeschlimannii-like, “Candidatus Rickettsia tarasevichiae,” and a new genotype Rickettsia sp. Kos-97-Dr have been found sporadically in D. reticulatus and D. marginatus. Based on analysis of the gltA gene fragment, seven haplotypes of R. raoultii have been identified; four of them correspond to previously described genotypes. The analysis of long fragments of the ompA and ompB genes of R. raoultii samples revealed the presence of three genetic groups corresponding to different genotypes for the gltA gene. Thus, Dermacentor spp. carry both typical and atypical species of Rickettsia spp. The existence of natural foci of Siberian tick typhus in the Republic of Altai has been demonstrated. Based on the analysis of the variable surface protein genes and conserved gltA gene, the existence of three genetic groups of R. raoultii has been shown.

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西伯利亚西部和哈萨克斯坦北部地区皮囊蜱立克次体的遗传多样性

本研究的目的是研究西伯利亚西部和哈萨克斯坦北部皮囊蜱中立克次体的分布、物种多样性和遗传变异性。因此，研究人员利用巢式 PCR 技术检测了 571 只皮囊蜱（406 只网纹皮囊蜱、136 只 nuttalli 皮囊蜱、21 只边缘皮囊蜱和 8 只 silvarum 皮囊蜱）样本中是否存在立克次体 DNA。立克次体的种类是通过物种特异性 PCR 和/或 gltA 基因片段测序确定的。对于一些 R. raoultii 样品，还测定了 ompA（3266 bp）和 ompB（4852 bp）基因片段的序列。被检测的蜱虫携带有 4 种立克次体的 DNA 和一种新的立克次体属基因型 Kos-97-Dr，它不能归属于任何已知的物种。所有种类的蜱虫都最常感染 R. raoultii；感染率从 47.0% 到 86.8% 不等。在阿尔泰共和国三个地点的 D. nuttalli 中发现了 16.1%-45.7% 的西伯利亚立克次体 DNA。在D. reticulatus和D. marginatus中零星发现了Rickettsia aeschlimannii、Rickettsia aeschlimanni-like、"Candidatus Rickettsia tarasevichiae "和一种新基因型Rickettsia sp.根据对 gltA 基因片段的分析，确定了 R. raoultii 的 7 个单倍型，其中 4 个与之前描述的基因型一致。对 R. raoultii 样本的 ompA 和 ompB 基因长片段的分析表明，存在三个基因群，对应于 gltA 基因的不同基因型。因此，皮腔虫属既携带典型的立克次体，也携带非典型的立克次体。阿勒泰共和国存在西伯利亚蜱斑疹伤寒的自然疫源地。根据对可变表面蛋白基因和保守的 gltA 基因的分析，R. raoultii 存在三个基因群。

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