Assessment of the Radioecological Situation Based on Spectral Analyzes of Radionuclides

Abstract

Radio-ecological researches, i.e. studies about the radioactivity on the Absheron peninsula were launched since 1930-1932, initially based on samples taken from the soil, water, and underground water. It was determined that the main cause of the radioactive pollution in the area is not limited to the effects of radioactive isotopes of natural origin rather it takes place also due to the contamination of oilfields driven by technogenic processes and the contact of water solutions of different mineralization with rocks and oilfields. However, complete exploration of the area in those times was not possible because of lack of modern equipment and devices and new technologies. It should be noted that despite the critical ecological situation prevalent in the Absheron peninsula, no comprehensive studies have been conducted on the radiation level of the area and the diminishing of possible radiation risk among the population living and working in the nearby areas. In this paper, the regularities of distribution of the radiation background in the territory of Absheron peninsula were analyzed and the most dangerous areas in terms of dwelling and operating were identified with proposing necessary measures towards such areas. Moreover, the changing of the radioactive background in relationship with age and types of a soil was determined for the first time based on laboratory analysis of samples taken from the area and the fieldworks conducted. In the presented paper, the radiation background of the Absheron peninsula was studied, thus determining the areas with the average value of the radiation background at 8.5 mcR/h but also the areas where it equaled 400-600 mcR/h, that is, the dangerous levels for living and working.