Phytoplankton ecology in the early years of a boreal oil sands end pit lake.

IF 6.2 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 GENETICS & HEREDITY
Chantel C Furgason, Angela V Smirnova, Joel B Dacks, Peter F Dunfield
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Base Mine Lake (BML) is the first full-scale end pit lake for the oil sands mining industry in Canada. BML sequesters oil sands tailings under a freshwater cap and is intended to develop into a functional ecosystem that can be integrated into the local watershed. The first stage of successful reclamation requires the development of a phytoplankton community supporting a typical boreal lake food web. To assess the diversity and dynamics of the phytoplankton community in BML at this reclamation stage and to set a baseline for future monitoring, we examined the phytoplankton community in BML from 2016 through 2021 using molecular methods (targeting the 23S, 18S, and 16S rRNA genes) and microscopic methods. Nearby water bodies were used as controls for a freshwater environment and an active tailings pond.

Results: The phytoplankton community was made up of diverse bacteria and eukaryotes typical of a boreal lake. Microscopy and molecular data both identified a phytoplankton community comparable at the phylum level to that of natural boreal lakes, dominated by Chlorophyta, Cryptophyta, and Cyanophyta, with some Bacillariophyta, Ochrophyta, and Euglenophyta. Although many of the same genera were prominent in both BML and the control freshwater reservoir, there were differences at the species or ASV level. Total diversity in BML was also consistently lower than the control freshwater site, but consistently higher than the control tailings pond. The phytoplankton community composition in BML changed over the 5-year study period. Some taxa present in 2016-2019 (e.g., Choricystis) were no longer detected in 2021, while some dinophytes and haptophytes became detectable in small quantities starting in 2019-2021. Different quantification methods (qPCR analysis of 23S rRNA genes, and microscopic estimates of populations and total biomass) did not show a consistent directional trend in total phytoplankton over the 5-year study, nor was there any consistent increase in phytoplankton species diversity. The 5-year period was likely an insufficient time frame for detecting community trends, as phytoplankton communities are highly variable at the genus and species level.

Conclusions: BML supports a phytoplankton community composition somewhat unique from control sites (active tailings and freshwater lake) and is still changing over time. However, the most abundant genera are typical of natural boreal lakes and have the potential to support a complex aquatic food web, with many of its identified major phytoplankton constituents known to be primary producers in boreal lake environments.

北方油砂末端矿坑湖早期的浮游植物生态学。
背景:基底矿湖(BML)是加拿大油砂开采业的第一个全规模尾矿湖。BML 将油砂尾矿封存在淡水盖下,旨在发展成为一个可融入当地流域的功能性生态系统。成功填海的第一阶段需要发展浮游植物群落,以支持典型的北方湖泊食物网。为了评估 BML 浮游植物群落在填海阶段的多样性和动态,并为未来的监测设定基线,我们采用分子方法(针对 23S、18S 和 16S rRNA 基因)和显微镜方法,对 2016 年至 2021 年期间 BML 的浮游植物群落进行了检测。附近的水体被用作淡水环境和活性尾矿池的对照:结果:浮游植物群落由典型北方湖泊的多种细菌和真核生物组成。显微镜和分子数据都确定了浮游植物群落的门类水平与天然北方湖泊相当,以叶绿藻门、隐藻门和蓝藻门为主,还有一些芽孢杆菌门、赭石门和优绿藻门。虽然许多相同的属在 BML 和对照淡水水库中都很突出,但在物种或 ASV 水平上存在差异。BML 的总多样性也一直低于对照淡水库,但高于对照尾矿库。在为期 5 年的研究期间,BML 中的浮游植物群落组成发生了变化。2016-2019 年出现的一些分类群(如 Choricystis)在 2021 年不再被检测到,而一些二叶藻和七叶藻则从 2019-2021 年开始被少量检测到。不同的定量方法(23S rRNA 基因的 qPCR 分析以及种群和总生物量的显微估算)在 5 年的研究中并没有显示出浮游植物总量的一致方向性趋势,浮游植物物种多样性也没有一致的增加。由于浮游植物群落在属和种的水平上变化很大,因此 5 年的时间可能不足以检测群落趋势:结论:BML 支持的浮游植物群落组成与对照地点(活动尾矿和淡水湖)有些不同,并且仍在随时间变化。然而,最丰富的属是典型的天然北方湖泊,有可能支持一个复杂的水生食物网,其中许多已确定的主要浮游植物成分是北方湖泊环境中已知的初级生产者。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Environmental Microbiome
Environmental Microbiome Immunology and Microbiology-Microbiology
CiteScore
7.40
自引率
2.50%
发文量
55
审稿时长
13 weeks
期刊介绍: Microorganisms, omnipresent across Earth's diverse environments, play a crucial role in adapting to external changes, influencing Earth's systems and cycles, and contributing significantly to agricultural practices. Through applied microbiology, they offer solutions to various everyday needs. Environmental Microbiome recognizes the universal presence and significance of microorganisms, inviting submissions that explore the diverse facets of environmental and applied microbiological research.
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