{"title":"Sensitivity of the Size of a TC to Sea Surface Temperatures in Its Outer Region","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s13351-023-2185-8","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> <p>We investigated the sensitivity of the size of a tropical cyclone (TC) to warming or cooling sea surface temperatures (SST) in its outer region by simulating the SST beyond a radius of 200 km from the TC center. Sensitivity experiments showed that an increased SST outside the core region of the TC had a negative effect on its size. Warming in the outer region contributed to the local enhancement of the latent heat flux from sea surface, which promoted the development of small-scale convection and warmed the lower and midtroposphere. This warming altered the local pressure gradient force in the upper and lower troposphere in such a way that it weakened the secondary circulation of the TC and led to suppression of the spiral rainbands outside the eyewall. Further analysis showed that the outward-propagating rainband structure favored an increase in the size of the TC. The diabatic heat released by the rainbands induced an inflow at lower levels, facilitating expansion of the TC. The greater the distance of the rainbands from the center of the TC, given the same amplitude of diabatic heating, the stronger the forced inflow, resulting in a faster increase in the size of the TC.</p>","PeriodicalId":48796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Meteorological Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8000,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Meteorological Research","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13351-023-2185-8","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
We investigated the sensitivity of the size of a tropical cyclone (TC) to warming or cooling sea surface temperatures (SST) in its outer region by simulating the SST beyond a radius of 200 km from the TC center. Sensitivity experiments showed that an increased SST outside the core region of the TC had a negative effect on its size. Warming in the outer region contributed to the local enhancement of the latent heat flux from sea surface, which promoted the development of small-scale convection and warmed the lower and midtroposphere. This warming altered the local pressure gradient force in the upper and lower troposphere in such a way that it weakened the secondary circulation of the TC and led to suppression of the spiral rainbands outside the eyewall. Further analysis showed that the outward-propagating rainband structure favored an increase in the size of the TC. The diabatic heat released by the rainbands induced an inflow at lower levels, facilitating expansion of the TC. The greater the distance of the rainbands from the center of the TC, given the same amplitude of diabatic heating, the stronger the forced inflow, resulting in a faster increase in the size of the TC.
期刊介绍：
Journal of Meteorological Research (previously known as Acta Meteorologica Sinica) publishes the latest achievements and developments in the field of atmospheric sciences. Coverage is broad, including topics such as pure and applied meteorology; climatology and climate change; marine meteorology; atmospheric physics and chemistry; cloud physics and weather modification; numerical weather prediction; data assimilation; atmospheric sounding and remote sensing; atmospheric environment and air pollution; radar and satellite meteorology; agricultural and forest meteorology and more.
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