Electronic differential: A vital component of electric vehicles

Abstract

The demand for electric vehicles (EVs) has increased recently to meet the desire for an ecofriendly transportation system on a global scale. The electrification of vehicles opens up a number of new options and opportunities for doing research in several fields. In a conventional EV, a single electric motor powers the car through reduction gears and the mechanical differential (MD). A crucial component of every gasoline-powered car or internal combustion engine vehicle is the MD, which modifies the speed of the driving wheels during cornering maneuvers. However, the MD has considerable friction losses, is big and heavy, and has a complicated structural design. As a result, the new energy-efficient EV drivetrain uses an electronic differential (ED) in place of the traditional MD. The drivetrains associated with an ED are known as distributed EV drivetrains. Unlike conventional drivetrains, the distributed drivetrains use independently equipped motors to drive the vehicle.