The Role of Antioxidants in Improving Pregnancy Outcomes

Abstract

Pregnancy is a physiologically demanding phase marked by profound changes that elevate oxidative stress levels, posing potential risks to maternal and fetal health. Oxidative stress, resulting from an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and antioxidant defense mechanisms, has been implicated in various pregnancy complications. Antioxidants, renowned for their ability to counteract ROS and mitigate cellular damage, have emerged as a potential intervention to ameliorate adverse outcomes during pregnancy. The paper highlights the physiological changes in pregnancy that contribute to heightened oxidative stress, emphasizing the link between oxidative stress and complications such as pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes, preterm birth, and intrauterine growth restriction. This paper emphasizes the imperative for robust, well-designed clinical trials to elucidate the optimal timing, dosages, and formulations of antioxidants in pregnancy. It calls for a comprehensive approach to establish clear guidelines and recommendations for antioxidant supplementation. In conclusion, this review underscores the potential of antioxidants as a promising intervention to mitigate oxidative stress-related pregnancy complications. However, the inconclusive nature of current evidence necessitates further rigorous research endeavors. Through this exploration, it accentuates the urgency for standardized protocols, ethical considerations, and extensive clinical studies to unlock the full potential of antioxidants in improving maternal and fetal health outcomes during pregnancy. Keywords: Antioxidants, Pregnancy, Maternal Health, Fetal Health, Oxidative Stress, Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), Preeclampsia, Gestational Diabetes, Fetal Development