Evaluation of five parasitological techniques for diagnosing phylum Ciliophora cysts in fecal samples from free-living wild artiodactyls

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira Pub Date : 2023-07-17 DOI:10.1590/1678-5150-PVB-7192

Jessica L. Pinheiro, S. F. Bruno, L. V. Dib, Claudijane R. dos Santos, Camila S. C. Class, Marcelo S. Lima, Paulo Rogério A. Motoyama, A. Barbosa

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Abstract

ABSTRACT: A variety of laboratory techniques are used in parasitological diagnosis. However, studies that analyze their laboratory efficiency are very scarce, especially with regard to biological samples from wild animals that are little known, with little popular attachment, such as artiodactyls. These can be infected by different parasites, including protozoa of the phylum Ciliophora, which includes the parasites Balantioides coli and Buxtonella sulcata. In this light, the aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of five coproparasitological techniques for diagnosing protozoan cysts of the phylum Ciliophora in the feces of free-living artiodactyls. To this end, 101 fecal samples were collected from trails in Pedra Selada State Park, Rio de Janeiro state, from 2020 to 2021. All the samples were analyzed using the qualitative techniques of modified Sheather floatation, modified Ritchie sedimentation and Lutz, as well as the quantitative techniques of Mini-FLOTAC and McMaster. Cyst recovery was best achieved using the modified Ritchie technique, in which 62.5% positivity was detected, followed by Lutz (47.5%), modified Sheather (37.5%) and the quantitative techniques of Mini-FLOTAC (30%) and McMaster (17.5%). In most of the comparisons between the techniques, reasonable agreement regarding the diagnosis was observed (Kappa 0.21 to 0.40), which was statistically significant (p≤0.05). McMaster showed higher mean and standard deviation values for counts of cysts per gram of feces than Mini-FLOTAC. However, there was no significant difference in the estimates for cyst counts (Wilcoxon p>0.05). Sedimentation qualitative techniques were more indicated for diagnosing cysts of protozoa of the phylum Ciliophora in the feces of free-living wild artiodactyls. These techniques can therefore be used as laboratory tools for environmental parasite monitoring. In addition, between the two quantitative techniques, Mini-FLOTAC presented better performance, thus showing its potential as a tool for estimating the abundance of cystic forms of the phylum Ciliophora in environmental samples.

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评估用于诊断自由生活的野生半齿兽粪便样本中纤毛虫门囊虫的五种寄生虫学技术

摘要：寄生虫学诊断中使用了多种实验室技术。然而，对其实验室效率进行分析的研究却非常少，尤其是对野生动物的生物样本，因为这些动物鲜为人知，很少有人关注，例如半齿兽。这些动物可能会被不同的寄生虫感染，包括纤毛虫门的原生动物，其中包括寄生虫大肠杆菌（Balantioides coli）和苏尔卡塔虫（Buxtonella sulcata）。有鉴于此，本研究旨在比较五种共寄生虫学技术在诊断自由生活的偶蹄类动物粪便中纤毛虫门原生动物包囊的效率。为此，我们于 2020 年至 2021 年在里约热内卢州佩德拉塞拉达州立公园的小径上收集了 101 份粪便样本。所有样本均采用改良希瑟浮法、改良里奇沉法和卢茨定性分析技术，以及迷你FLOTAC 和麦克马斯特定量分析技术进行分析。改良里奇技术的囊肿回收率最高，阳性率为 62.5%，其次是卢茨（47.5%）、改良希瑟（37.5%）以及迷你FLOTAC（30%）和麦克马斯特（17.5%）定量技术。在大多数技术之间的比较中，都观察到诊断结果的合理一致性（Kappa 0.21 至 0.40），这在统计学上具有显著意义（P≤0.05）。麦克马斯特每克粪便中囊肿计数的平均值和标准差均高于微型FLOTAC。不过，囊虫计数的估计值没有明显差异（Wilcoxon p>0.05）。沉淀定性技术更适用于诊断自由生活的野生偶蹄目动物粪便中的纤毛虫门原生动物包囊。因此，这些技术可用作环境寄生虫监测的实验室工具。此外，在这两种定量技术中，Mini-FLOTAC 的性能更好，从而显示了其作为估算环境样本中纤毛虫门囊状虫数量的工具的潜力。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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