Use of insects in feeding of fish (review)

O. Konoval, M. Sychov, D. Umanets, I. Ilchuk, I. Balanchuk, S. Boiarchuk, V. Оtchenashko, T. Holubeva
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Abstract

Aquaculture is the fastest growing sector of the global food industry, signaling a paradigm shift in how we meet the growing demand for fish. The current aquaculture production system relies heavily on fishmeal, which is becoming increasingly unsustainable due to stagnant or declining fish catches, especially wild marine fish stocks. A significant percentage of fish stocks are already almost completely used. This situation, combined with the increasing demand for fish, suggests that fishmeal will become a more limiting ingredient, both from a production and price perspective. In response to these pressing issues, there has been a notable surge in research to explore potential alternatives, such as insect meal, which is one of the critical means to ensure the sustainability of aquaculture and overcome the limitations of fishmeal. Insects hold significant promise in the field of animal nutrition, and further research is needed to fully understand their nutritional value in the context of animal feed applications. Insect farming can be effectively done on human by-products or waste, allowing them to convert this rich, cheap organic waste into protein-rich animal biomass suitable for animal consumption. Analytical review found that insect meal has sufficient nutrient composition suitable for potential inclusion in fish feed as a versatile protein source to create individual nutrient profiles. It is worth noting that a wide range of insect species, their various habitats, developmental stages, feeding behavior and other characteristics can affect the nutritional value of insect meal. This diversity makes insect meal an attractive target for further research as an alternative to fish meal.
利用昆虫喂鱼(综述)
水产养殖是全球食品工业中增长最快的领域,标志着我们在满足日益增长的鱼类需求方面的模式转变。目前的水产养殖生产系统严重依赖鱼粉,由于鱼类捕获量停滞或下降,尤其是野生海洋鱼类种群,鱼粉越来越难以为继。相当大比例的鱼类资源已经几乎被完全利用。这种情况,再加上对鱼的需求不断增加,表明无论从产量还是价格角度来看,鱼粉都将成为一种限制性更强的配料。为了应对这些紧迫问题,探索潜在替代品(如昆虫粉)的研究明显激增,昆虫粉是确保水产养殖可持续性和克服鱼粉局限性的关键手段之一。昆虫在动物营养领域大有可为,需要进一步研究,以充分了解其在动物饲料应用方面的营养价值。昆虫养殖可有效利用人类的副产品或废物,使其能够将这些丰富、廉价的有机废物转化为蛋白质丰富、适合动物食用的动物生物质。分析审查发现,昆虫粉有足够的营养成分,适合作为多功能蛋白质来源添加到鱼饲料中,以形成个性化的营养成分。值得注意的是,昆虫种类繁多,它们的栖息地、发育阶段、摄食行为和其他特征都会影响昆虫粉的营养价值。这种多样性使昆虫粉成为进一步研究鱼粉替代品的一个有吸引力的目标。
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