Effect of Prohexadione Calcium Application Timing and Rate on Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) Growth and Yield in Mississippi

A.B. Gau, Darrin Dodds, Brendan Zurweller, D. Spencer, L. J. Krutz, J. C. Ferguson
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Abstract

Excessive vegetative growth in peanut can lead to decreased harvest efficiency. Peanut vegetative growth is often managed with the plant growth regulator prohexadione calcium. Although application of prohexadione calcium is recommended at 50% and 100% canopy closure (CC) as defined by lateral vines touching, research on the optimal application timing and rate has been minimal. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of prohexadione calcium application timing and rate based on percent canopy closure. Experiments were conducted at 6 different sites in Mississippi over 2 years. Treatments in 2020 included prohexadione calcium applied at 50% CC + one application at 100% CC (recommended by product label), two applications in one week at 100% CC, and three applications in one week at 100% CC. In 2020, all prohexadione calcium applications were made at 140 g a.i./ha. Treatments in 2021 included application timings at 50% and 100% CC and multiple application rates at each timing including 70 g a.i./ha, 140 g a.i./ha, and 280 g a.i./ha. Peanut response was evaluated based on pod weight after digging, pod count after digging, dry plant weight, pod loss, and peanut yield. Dry plant weight, pod loss, and pod weight were unaffected by prohexadione calcium application. Peanut yield ranged from 6200 kg/ha to 7300 kg/ha across years, locations, and prohexadione calcium treatments. Yields following all prohexadione calcium application timings and rates were similar to those following applications at the recommended timings and rate. With the exception of two applications in one week at 100% CC, yield response following prohexadione application was similar to that of the untreated check. Therefore, prohexadione calcium application timings and rates are likely more flexible than the labelled recommendation with respect to vegetation management; however, yield enhancement following application was inconsistent.
前六酮钙的施用时间和施用量对密西西比花生(Arachis hypogaea)生长和产量的影响
花生无性生长过快会导致收获效率降低。通常使用植物生长调节剂丙六酮钙来控制花生的无性生长。虽然根据侧蔓生长情况,建议在 50%和 100%冠层闭合(CC)时施用丙六酮钙,但有关最佳施用时间和施用量的研究却很少。本研究的目的是根据冠层闭合率评估丙酮钙施用时间和施用量的影响。实验在密西西比州的 6 个不同地点进行,历时 2 年。2020 年的处理包括在 50%CC+100%CC(产品标签建议)时施用一次丙六酮钙、100%CC 时一周内施用两次丙六酮钙、100%CC 时一周内施用三次丙六酮钙。2020 年,所有丙六酮钙的施用量均为 140 克活性成分/公顷。2021 年的处理包括 50% 和 100% CC 的施用时间以及每个时间的多种施用量,包括 70 克活性成分/公顷、140 克活性成分/公顷和 280 克活性成分/公顷。根据挖掘后的豆荚重量、挖掘后的豆荚数、植株干重、豆荚损失和花生产量来评估花生的反应。施用丙六酮钙对植株干重、荚果损失和荚果重量没有影响。不同年份、地点和丙六酮钙处理的花生产量从 6200 公斤/公顷到 7300 公斤/公顷不等。施用所有丙六酮钙时间和施用量后的产量与按推荐时间和施用量施用后的产量相似。除了在一周内施用两次 100%CC,施用丙六酮后的产量反应与未施用的对照相似。因此,在植被管理方面,施用丙六酮钙的时间和施用量可能比标签上的建议更灵活;但是,施用后的增产效果并不一致。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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